Arnold-Chiari malformation

Arnold-Chiari malformation
a congenital disorder in which there is distortion of the base of the skull with protrusion of the lower brainstem and parts of the cerebellum through the opening for the spinal cord at the base of the skull. It is associated commonly with neural tube defects and hydrocephalus and sometimes with a syringomyelia.
J. Arnold (1835-1915) and H. Chiari (1851-1916), German pathologists

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Chiari malformation type II; herniation of the cerebellar tonsils and vermis through the foramen magnum into the spinal canal. It is always associated with lumbosacral myelomeningocele, and hydrocephalus and mental defects are common. Called also Arnold-Chiari deformity or syndrome.

Arnold-Chiari malformation in a midsagittal section, showing small posterior fossa contents, downward displacement of the cerebellar vermis, and deformity of the medulla; the arrows indicate the approximate level of the foramen magnum.


Medical dictionary. 2011.

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