Peroneal muscular atrophy
- Peroneal muscular atrophy
- A neuromuscular disease that is the most common inherited disorder of peripheral nerves, characterized by progressively debilitating weakness. Peroneal muscular atrophy is also known as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). The foremost feature of the disease is marked wasting of the more distal extremities, particularly the peroneal muscle groups in the calves, resulting in "stork legs." CMT usually involves the legs before the arms. Pes cavus (deformity of the foot) is often the first sign of the disease. CMT affects about 1 in every 2-3,000 people and so is one of the most frequent genetic diseases. It is genetically heterogeneous (diverse); it can be inherited as an autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked trait; and there are also sporadic cases (with no family history of CMT) due to new dominant mutations. The disease is divided into two main types on the basis of the electrophysiology. Type 1 (CMT1) shows decreased motor nerve conduction velocities and primarily affects myelin (the substance that covers and protects nerves). Type 2 (CMT2) has normal (or only slightly reduced) motor nerve conduction velocities with decreased amplitudes and largely affects the axon (the nerve fiber that carries outgoing messages). CMT1 involves genes that encode proteins important to the formation, structure, and integrity of myelin. The first CMT2 gene to be identified, the gene NF-L, encodes neurofilament light protein, one of three major neurofilament protein constituents. (Neurofilaments are important for the structure and function of axons and may be necessary for axonal transport, regeneration, and longevity.) Physical therapy can help to delay somewhat the wasting of limbs seen in CMT. Jean Charcot (1825-1893) was a celebrated professor of neurology in Paris (and was Sigmund Freud's mentor). Pierre Marie (1853-1940) was similarly a famous French neurologist.
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peroneal muscular atrophy n a chronic inherited progressive muscular atrophy that affects the parts of the legs and feet innervated by the peroneal nerves first and later progresses to the hands and arms
called also Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, peroneal atrophy
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Medical dictionary.
2011.
Look at other dictionaries:
peroneal muscular atrophy — Charcot Marie Tooth disease … The new mediacal dictionary
Atrophy, peroneal muscular — A neuromuscular disease that is the most common inherited disorder of peripheral nerves, characterized by progressively debilitating weakness. Peroneal muscular atrophy is also known as Charcot Marie Tooth disease (CMT). The foremost feature of… … Medical dictionary
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peroneal atrophy — peroneal muscular atrophy Charcot Marie Tooth disease … Medical dictionary
Atrophy — Wasting away or diminution. Muscle atrophy is wasting of muscle, decrease in muscle mass. A nerve can also show atrophy. For example, atrophy of the optic nerve diminishes vision. * * * A wasting of tissues, organs, or the entire body, as from… … Medical dictionary
atrophy — atrophic /euh trof ik, euh troh fik/, adj. /a treuh fee/, n., v., atrophied, atrophying. n. 1. Also, atrophia /euh troh fee euh/. Pathol. a wasting away of the body or of an organ or part, as from defective nutrition or nerve damage. 2.… … Universalium
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease — peroneal muscular atrophy a group of inherited diseases of the peripheral nerves, also known as hereditary sensorimotor neuropathy, causing a gradually progressive weakness and wasting of the muscles of the legs and the lower part of the thighs.… … The new mediacal dictionary
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease — A neuromuscular disease, the most common inherited disorder of peripheral nerves, characterized by progressively debilitating weakness. The disease is also called peroneal muscular atrophy and hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy. The foremost … Medical dictionary
Список наследственных заболеваний — Список генетических заболеваний Основные статьи: наследственные заболевания, Наследственные болезни обмена веществ, Ферментопатия. В большинстве случаев приведен также код, указывающий на тип мутации и связанные с ней хромосомы. См. также система … Википедия
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease — Charcot Marie Tooth disease Classification and external resources The foot of a person with Charcot Marie Tooth. The lack of muscle, a high arch, and claw toes are signs of the genetic disease. ICD 10 … Wikipedia
