osmoreceptor

osmoreceptor
1. A receptor in the central nervous system (probably the hypothalamus) that responds to changes in the osmotic pressure of the blood. [G. osmos, impulsion] 2. A receptor that receives olfactory stimuli. [G. osme, smell] SYN: osmoceptor.

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os·mo·re·cep·tor .äz-mō-ri-'sep-tər n any of a group of cells sensitive to plasma osmolality that are held to exist in the brain and to regulate water balance in the body by controlling thirst and the release of vasopressin

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n.
a group of cells in the hypothalamus that monitor blood concentration. Should this increase abnormally, as in dehydration, the osmoreceptors send nerve impulses to the hypothalamus, which then increases the rate of release of vasopressin from the posterior pituitary gland. Loss of water from the body in the urine is thus restricted until the blood concentration returns to normal.

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os·mo·re·cep·tor (oz″mo-re-sepґtər) [osmo-1 + receptor] olfactory receptor.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • osmoreceptor — noun sensory end organ that responds to changes in osmotic pressure • Hypernyms: ↑end organ * * * |äzmō+ noun Etymology: osmo (I) + receptor : a sensory endorgan that is stimulated by changes in osmotic pressure …   Useful english dictionary

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  • Thirst — is the craving for liquids, resulting in the basic instinct of humans or animals to drink. It is an essential mechanism involved in fluid balance. It arises from a lack of fluids and/or an increase in the concentration of certain osmolites such… …   Wikipedia

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