immunoassay

immunoassay
Detection and assay of substances by serological (immunological) methods; in most applications the substance in question serves as antigen, both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance. SEE ALSO: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, radioimmunoassay, radioimmunoelectrophoresis, immunologic pregnancy test. SYN: immunochemical assay.
- double antibody i. SYN: double antibody precipitation.
- enzyme i. any of several i. methods that use an enzyme covalently linked to an antigen or antibody as a label; the most common types are enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and enzyme-multiplied i. technique (EMIT). SEE ALSO: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, enzyme-multiplied i. technique.
- enzyme-multiplied i. technique (EMIT) a type of i. in which the ligand is labeled with an enzyme, and the enzyme-ligand-antibody complex is enzymatically inactive, allowing quantitation of unlabeled ligand. SEE ALSO: competitive binding assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
- solid phase i. i. in which the antigen or serum is bound to a solid surface, such as a microplate wall or the sides of a tube, the other reactants being free in solution.
- thin-layer i. a method for detection of antigen-antibody reactions, applicable to detection of either antigen or antibody, based on the fact that either reactant, when added to a polystyrene surface (such as a well in a polystyrene plate) is adsorbed as a thin layer and acts as an immunosorbent capable of binding with the second reactant.

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im·mu·no·as·say .im-yə-nō-'as-.ā, im-.yü-nō-, -a-'sā n a technique or test (as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) used to detect the presence or quantity of a substance (as a protein) based on its capacity to act as an antigen or antibody
immunoassay vt
im·mu·no·as·say·able -a-'sā-ə-bəl adj

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n.
any of various techniques for determining the levels of antigen and antibody in a tissue. See immunoelectrophoresis, immunofluorescence, radioimmunoassay.

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im·mu·no·as·say (im″u-no-asґa) any of several methods for the quantitative determination of chemical substances that utilize the highly specific binding between an antigen or hapten and homologous antibodies, including radioimmunoassay, enzyme immunoassay, and fluorescence immunoassay.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Immunoassay — An immunoassay is a biochemical test that measures the concentration of a substance in a biological liquid, typically serum or urine, using the reaction of an antibody or antibodies to its antigen. The assay takes advantage of the specific… …   Wikipedia

  • immunoassay — noun Date: 1959 a technique or test used to detect the presence or quantity of a substance (as a protein) based on its capacity to act as an antigen • immunoassayable adjective …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • immunoassay — immunoassayable, adj. /im yeuh noh euh say , as ay, i myooh /, n. any laboratory method for detecting a substance by using an antibody reactive with it. [1955 60; IMMUNO + ASSAY] * * * …   Universalium

  • immunoassay — noun A test for the presence of a substance using the reaction of an antibody to its antigen, making use of the high selectivity of components of biological immune systems …   Wiktionary

  • Immunoassay — Im|mu|no|as|say [ ə seɪ; ↑ immun engl. assay = Analyse, Prüfung, Versuch], der; s, s; S: Immunassay: Sammelbez. für sehr empfindliche immunchem. Analysenmethoden zu Nachweis u. Bestimmung solcher biol. aktiven Stoffe (z. B. Proteine, Hormone,… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Immunoassay — Im|mu|no|as|say vgl. ↑Immunassay …   Das große Fremdwörterbuch

  • immunoassay —    A fluorescent antibody technique, used for detection of antigens and antibodies in blood and serum …   Forensic science glossary

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