hypoglycemia

hypoglycemia
1. Symptoms resulting from low blood glucose (normal glucose range 60–100 mg/dL (3.3 to 5.6 mmol/L)) which are either autonomic or neuroglycopenic. Autonomic symptoms include sweating, trembling, feelings of warmth, anxiety, and nausea. Neuroglycopenic symptoms include feelings of dizziness, confusion, tiredness, difficulty speaking, headache and inability to concentrate. 2. Organic disease more often leads to neuroglycopenic symptoms, functional disorders to autonomic symptoms. Functional h. is of doubtful existence; the so-called post-prandial hypoglycemic syndrome has not been confirmed by blood sugar measurements. No convincing evidence has been found of the existence of early-diabetes h., or alimentary h.. SYN: glucopenia.
- fasting h. excessively low blood glucose in association with fasting; can be seen in patients with hyperinsulinism but also occurs without definable disease.
- ketotic h. the most common form of childhood h. after the neonatal period; it usually presents between the ages of 18 months and 5 years, and resolves spontaneously by late childhood; manifested by hypoglycemic episodes usually occurring during minor illnesses that cause decreased appetite; probably due to a defect in gluconeogenesis and limited glycogen stores.
- leucine h. reduction in blood glucose concentration produced by administration of leucine; believed to reflect the ability of this amino acid to stimulate insulin secretion.
- leucine-induced h. rare cause of h. occurring following ingestion of leucine. Seen especially in infants. SYN: leucine-sensitive h..
- leucine-sensitive h. SYN: leucine-induced h..
- mixed h. h. due to more than one cause.
- neonatal h. [MIM*240900] familial onset of symptomatic h. during infancy, with persistently low blood glucose; a variant form [MIM*240800] is leucine-induced with hyperinsulinism and variable mental retardation.

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hy·po·gly·ce·mia or chiefly Brit hy·po·gly·cae·mia .hī-pō-glī-'sē-mē-ə n abnormal decrease of sugar in the blood

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hy·po·gly·ce·mia (hi″po-gli-seґme-ə) [hypo- + glyc- + -emia] an abnormally diminished concentration of glucose in the blood, which may lead to tremulousness, cold sweat, piloerection, hypothermia, and headache; when chronic and severe it may cause central nervous system manifestations that in rare cases can even be fatal (see neuroglycopenia).

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • hypoglycemia — 1893, from Latinized form of Greek elements hypo under (see HYPO (Cf. hypo )) + glykys sweet (see GLUCOSE (Cf. glucose)) + haima blood (see EMIA (Cf. emia)) …   Etymology dictionary

  • hypoglycemia — [hī΄pōglī sē′mē ə, hip΄ōglī sē′mē ə] n. [ModL < HYPO + Gr glykys (see GLYCERIN) + EMIA] an abnormally low concentration of sugar in the blood hypoglycemic [hī΄pō glī sē′mik, hip΄ō glī sē′mik] adj …   English World dictionary

  • Hypoglycemia — For information about the popular condition that does not involve measured low glucose, see hypoglycemia (common usage). Hypoglycemia Classification and external resources Glucose meter ICD 10 …   Wikipedia

  • hypoglycemia — hypoglycemic, adj. /huy poh gluy see mee euh/, n. Pathol. an abnormally low level of glucose in the blood. [1890 95; HYPO + GLYC + EMIA] * * * Below normal levels of blood glucose, quickly reversed by administration of oral or intravenous glucose …   Universalium

  • hypoglycemia — noun Etymology: New Latin Date: circa 1894 abnormal decrease of sugar in the blood • hypoglycemic adjective or noun …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • hypoglycemia — noun A low level of blood glucose …   Wiktionary

  • hypoglycemia — hy|po|gly|ce|mi|a [ ,haıpouglaı simiə ] noun uncount MEDICAL a medical condition in which someone has a low level of sugar in their blood …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • hypoglycemia — n. deficiency of sugar in the blood (Medicine) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • hypoglycemia — hy·po·glycemia …   English syllables

  • hypoglycemia — hy•po•gly•ce•mi•a [[t]ˌhaɪ poʊ glaɪˈsi mi ə[/t]] n. pat an abnormally low level of glucose in the blood • Etymology: 1890–95; hypo +glyc(o) + emia hy po•gly•ce′mic, adj …   From formal English to slang

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