cytotoxicity

cytotoxicity
The quality or state of being cytotoxic.
- antibody-dependent cell-mediated c. (ADCC) a form of cell-mediated c. that functions by binding of the FC region of IgG antibodies to Fc receptors on leukocytes. The FAB region of the antibody binds to the target cell. Killing of the target cell may be through various modalities, e.g., perforin, reactive oxygen intermediates, cytokines.
- lymphocyte-mediated c. the toxic or lytic activity of lymphocytes, which may or may not be mediated by antibodies. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes may cause lysis of cells by production of cytolytic proteins such as perforin. B cells may cause lysis of cells by antibody-complement binding to a target cell. Natural killer cells are cytotoxic without prior sensitization. SEE ALSO: antibody-dependent cell-mediated c..

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cy·to·tox·ic·i·ty (si″to-tok-sisґĭ-te) the degree to which an agent possesses a specific destructive action on certain cells or the possession of such action; used particularly in referring to the lysis of cells by immune phenomena and to antineoplastic drugs that selectively kill dividing cells. cytotoxic adj

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Cytotoxicity — is the quality of being toxic to cells. Examples of toxic agents are a chemical substance, an immune cell or some types of venom (e.g. from the puff adder or brown recluse spider). Contents 1 Cell physiology 2 Measuring cytotoxicity …   Wikipedia

  • cytotoxicity — noun see cytotoxic …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • cytotoxicity — /suy toh tok sis i tee/, n. cell destruction caused by a cytotoxic substance. [CYTOTOXIC + ITY] * * * …   Universalium

  • cytotoxicity — noun the state of being toxic to cells See Also: cytotoxic …   Wiktionary

  • cytotoxicity — n. poisoning of cells …   English contemporary dictionary

  • cytotoxicity — cy·to·toxicity …   English syllables

  • cytotoxicity — cy•to•tox•ic•i•ty [[t]ˌsaɪ toʊ tɒkˈsɪs ɪ ti[/t]] n. pat pha cell destruction caused by a cytotoxin • Etymology: 1955–60 …   From formal English to slang

  • cytotoxicity — Poisoning of the cell …   Glossary of Biotechnology

  • cytotoxicity — noun the degree to which something is toxic to living cells • Hypernyms: ↑toxicity * * * noun see cytotoxic * * * /suy toh tok sis i tee/, n. cell destruction caused by a cytotoxic substance. [CYTOTOXIC + ITY] * * * cytotoxicˈity noun • • • …   Useful english dictionary

  • Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity — An immune response in which antibody, by coating target cells, makes them vulnerable to attack by immune cells. Antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity is commonly (and blissfully) abbreviated ADCC. * * * (ADCC), antibody dependent cellular …   Medical dictionary

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