malate-aspartate shuttle

malate-aspartate shuttle
a mechanism for transferring electrons into mitochondria from the cytosol of red fibers of skeletal muscle, heart, and the brain, involving cytosolic and mitochondrial forms of the enzymes malate dehydrogenase and aspartate transaminase, and two transmembrane carriers. Electrons from cytosolic NADH are used to reduce oxaloacetate to malate, which enters the mitochondrial matrix and donates electrons to NAD+, becoming reoxidized to oxaloacetate. To return to the cytosol, oxaloacetate is first transaminated to form aspartate, which can traverse the membrane; once in the cytosol it is deaminated to oxaloacetate.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Malate-aspartate shuttle — Diagram Illustrating the Malate Asparate Shuttle Pathway The malate aspartate shuttle (sometimes also the malate shuttle) is a biochemical system for translocating electrons produced during glycolysis across the semipermeable inner membrane of… …   Wikipedia

  • Malate dehydrogenase — Structure of the protein with attached sugars Identifiers EC number …   Wikipedia

  • Aspartate transaminase — Aspartate aminotransferase from Escherichia coli bound with cofactor pyridoxal 5 phosphate.[1] Identifiers …   Wikipedia

  • Malate dehydrogenase 2 — Malate dehydrogenase 2, NAD (mitochondrial) PDB rendering based on 1mld …   Wikipedia

  • aspartate transaminase — n ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE * * * (AST, ASAT) as·par·tate trans·am·i·nase (AST, ASAT) (ə spahrґtāt trans amґĭ nās) [EC 2.6.1.1] an enzyme of the transferase class that catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amino group from… …   Medical dictionary

  • malate dehydrogenase — n an enzyme that catalyzes reversibly the oxidation of malate in the presence of NAD called also malic enzyme * * * ma·late de·hy·dro·gen·ase (maґlāt de hiґdro jən ās) [EC 1.1.1.37] an enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that… …   Medical dictionary

  • shuttle — A going back and forth regularly; used in respect to certain transport processes across a biomembrane. glycerophosphate s. a mechanism for the transfer of reducing equivalents from the cytosol into the mitochondria; NADH is used to synthesize …   Medical dictionary

  • Mitochondrial shuttle — The mitochondrial shuttles are systems used to transport reducing agents across the inner mitochondrial membrane. NADH cannot cross the membrane, but it can reduce another molecule that can cross the membrane, so that its electrons can reach the… …   Wikipedia

  • Glycerol phosphate shuttle — The glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle is a mechanism that regenerates NAD+ from NADH, a by product of glycolysis. Its importance in transporting reducing equivalents is secondary to the malate aspartate shuttle.ReactionIn this shuttle, the enzyme… …   Wikipedia

  • Glutamate aspartate transporter — Solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 3, also known as SLC1A3, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SLC1A3 solute carrier family 1 (glial high affinity glutamate transporter), member 3| url =… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”