Gell and Coombs classification
- Gell and Coombs classification
- a classification of immune mechanisms of tissue injury, called by Gell and Coombs “allergic reactions,†comprising four types: type I, immediate hypersensitivity reactions, mediated by IgE antibody; type II, antibody-mediated hypersensitivity reactions, including complement-dependent lysis, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and phagocytosis induced by opsonizing antibody; type III, immune complex–mediated hypersensitivity reactions, including serum sickness, Arthus reactions, and systemic lupus erythematosus; and type IV, cell-mediated hypersensitivity reactions, mediated by sensitized T lymphocytes either by release of lymphokines or by T-cell–mediated cytotoxicity, including contact dermatitis, allograft rejection, and graft-versus-host disease. Other authorities have added type V, antibody interference with the function of biologically active substances, including autoimmune diseases mediated by antireceptor antibodies and coagulation disorders mediated by antibodies to coagulation factors. The individual types I–IV are described under hypersensitivity reaction, under reaction.
Medical dictionary.
2011.
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Gell and Coombs classification — (jelґ k mzґ) [Philip George Howthern Gell, British immunologist, 1914–2001; Robert Royston Amos Coombs, British immunologist, 1921–2006] see under classification … Medical dictionary
classification — A systematic arrangement into classes or groups based on perceived common characteristics; a means of giving order to a group of disconnected facts. adansonian c. the c. of organisms based on giving equal weight to every character of the… … Medical dictionary
Robin Coombs — Robert Royston Amos ( Robin ) Coombs, (January 9 1921 ndash; February 25 2006), was a British immunologist, co discoverer of the Coombs test (1945) used for detecting antibodies in various clinical scenarios, such as Rh disease and blood… … Wikipedia
Immune response — Any reaction by the immune system. * * * immune response n a bodily response to an antigen that occurs when lymphocytes identify the antigenic molecule as foreign and induce the formation of antibodies and lymphocytes capable of reacting with it… … Medical dictionary
Arthus reaction — Ar·thus reaction är thəs , ȧr tues n a reaction that follows injection of an antigen into an animal in which hypersensitivity has been previously established and that involves infiltrations, edema, sterile abscesses, and in severe cases gangrene … Medical dictionary
serum sickness — n an allergic reaction to the injection of foreign serum manifested by hives, swelling, eruption, arthritis, and fever called also serum disease * * * a reaction that sometimes occurs 7 12 days after injection of a quantity of foreign antigen and … Medical dictionary
hypersensitivity — Abnormal sensitivity, a condition in which there is an exaggerated response by the body to the stimulus of a foreign agent. See allergy. contact h. 1. SYN: contact dermatitis. 2. SYN: delayed reaction. delayed h. 1 … Medical dictionary
delayed hypersensitivity reaction — a reaction of cell mediated immunity, named in contrast to immediate hypersensitivity reactions because its onset is 24 to 72 hours after the antigenic challenge; the term is usually used to denote the subset of type IV hypersensitivity reactions … Medical dictionary
hypersensitivity reaction — a reaction in which the body mounts an exaggerated or inappropriate immune response to a substance either foreign or perceived as foreign, resulting in local or general tissue damage. Such reactions are usually classified as types I–IV on the… … Medical dictionary
Hypersensitivity — NOTOC Infobox Disease Name = PAGENAME Caption = DiseasesDB = 28827 ICD10 = ICD10|T|78|4|t|66 ICD9 = ICD9|995.3 ICDO = OMIM = MedlinePlus = eMedicineSubj = eMedicineTopic = MeshID = D006967 Hypersensitivity (also called hypersensitivity reaction)… … Wikipedia
