aminoglycoside

aminoglycoside
Any one of a group of bacteriocidal antibiotics derived from species of Streptomyces or Micromonosporum and characterized by two or more amino sugars joined by a glycoside linkage to a central hexose; aminoglycosides act by causing misreading and inhibition of protein synthesis on bacterial ribosomes and are effective against aerobic Gram-negative bacilli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Some commonly used aminoglycosides are streptomycin, neomycin, and gentamycin.

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ami·no·gly·co·side -'glī-kə-.sīd n any of a group of antibiotics (as streptomycin and neomycin) that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis and are active esp. against gram-negative bacteria

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ami·no·gly·co·side (ə-me″no-gliґko-sīd) any of a group of antibiotics (e.g., amikacin, gentamicin, streptomycin) derived from various bacterial species, especially those of genus Streptomyces, or produced synthetically. Aminoglycosides inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding with the 30S ribosomal subunit and are bactericidal.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Aminoglycoside — An aminoglycoside is a molecule composed of a sugar group and an amino group. [MeshName|Aminoglycosides] Several aminoglycosides function as antibiotics that are effective against certain types of bacteria. They include amikacin, gentamicin,… …   Wikipedia

  • Aminoglycoside — Aminoside Les aminosides ou aminoglycosides constituent une famille d antibiotiques actifs sur certains types de bactéries. Ils comprennent l amikacine, la gentamicine, la kanamycine, la néomycine, la nétilmicine, la paromomycine, la… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • aminoglycoside — /euh mee noh gluy keuh suyd , am euh noh /, Pharm. adj. 1. of or pertaining to amino sugars in glycosidic linkage. n. 2. any of a group of bacterial antibiotics having aminoglycoside structure. [AMINO + GLYCOSIDE] * * * …   Universalium

  • aminoglycoside —  ̷ ̷ ¦ ̷ ̷  ̷ ̷ ˌ noun ( s) Etymology: amin + glycoside : any of a group of antibiotics (as streptomycin and neomycin) that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis and are active especially against gram negative bacteria * * * /euh mee noh gluy keuh… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Aminoglycoside N6'-acetyltransferase — In enzymology, an aminoglycoside N6 acetyltransferase (EC number|2.3.1.82) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:acetyl CoA + kanamycin B ightleftharpoons CoA + N6 acetylkanamycin BThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acetyl… …   Wikipedia

  • Aminoglycoside N3'-acetyltransferase — In enzymology, an aminoglycoside N3 acetyltransferase (EC number|2.3.1.81) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:acetyl CoA + a 2 deoxystreptamine antibiotic ightleftharpoons CoA + N3 acetyl 2 deoxystreptamine antibioticThus, the two… …   Wikipedia

  • aminoglycoside antibiotics — (am ī no gli ko saīd) A group of antibiotics synthesized by Streptomyces and Micromonospora, which contain a cyclohexane ring and amino sugars; all aminoglycoside antibiotics bind to the small ribosomal subunit and inhibit protein synthesis …   Dictionary of microbiology

  • Aminoglycoside — Gentamicin, an bakterielles Ribosom gebunden Aminoglykosid Antibiotika, kurz Aminoglykoside, zählen zur Gruppe der Oligosaccharid Antibiotika, mit Kombinationen aus Aminozucker und Cyclohexan Bausteinen. Sie bilden eine große, noch immer… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • aminoglycoside — noun A molecule composed of a sugar group and an amino group, in some cases functioning as an antibiotic …   Wiktionary

  • aminoglycoside — ami·no·gly·co·side …   English syllables

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