prostate cancer

prostate cancer
a malignant tumour (carcinoma) of the prostate gland, a common form of cancer in elderly men. In most men it progresses slowly over many years and gives symptoms similar to those of benign enlargement of the prostate (see prostate gland). Before it was possible to test for prostate specific antigen (PSA), the tumour had often invaded locally, spread to regional lymph nodes, and metastasized to bone before clinical presentation. By checking elevated levels of PSA, prostate cancer can be detected 5-10 years before the tumour would present symptomatically. If the disease is confined to the prostate, the patient may have a radical prostatectomy, radical radiotherapy, or brachytherapy; in very old patients, it may be enough to monitor the tumour growth. If the disease is outside the prostate, androgen deprivation therapy may be used; this may be achieved by LHRH analogue, anti-androgen, surgical castration, or oestrogen therapy.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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