pituitary apoplexy

pituitary apoplexy
acute intrapituitary haemorrhage, usually into an existing tumour, presenting as severe headache and collapse. It is a medical emergency. Due to the sudden expansion in size of the gland with the haemorrhage, it is accompanied by lesions of the cranial nerves running close to the pituitary gland, causing paralysis of the muscles of the orbit and occasionally the face. Anterior pituitary insufficiency usually results, but posterior pituitary function survives. Surprisingly, pituitary function usually recovers.

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sudden massive degeneration with hemorrhagic necrosis of the pituitary gland, associated with a pituitary tumor; it is signaled by abrupt headache followed by loss of sight, diplopia, drowsiness, confusion or other mentally deranged states, and coma.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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