teichoic acid

teichoic acid
tei·cho·ic acid tī-.kō-ik- n any of a class of strongly acidic polymers found in the cell walls, capsules, and membranes of all gram-positive bacteria and containing residues of the phosphates of glycerol and adonitol

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tei·cho·ic ac·id (ti-koґik) any of a diverse group of polymers found in the cell wall and cell membrane of gram-positive bacteria. They consist of phosphate-linked backbones of sugar alcohol residues, to which are attached various sugars and D-alanine residues. The sugar alcohol may be glycerol (glycerol teichoic acids) or ribitol (ribitol teichoic acids); the first type occurs in both the cell wall and cell membrane, the second only in the cell wall. They can also be classified as lipoteichoic acids or wall teichoic acids on the basis of their site of attachment in the cell. In certain bacteria, at least some of the teichoic acids serve as major antigenic determinants.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Teichoic acid — s. It is known that teichoic acids in most cases contain d alanine residues (one per phosphodiester), making the molecule zwitterionic. These zwitterionic teichoic acids can activate the immune system, thus acting as antigen. They may also… …   Wikipedia

  • teichoic acid — teicho rūgštis statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Biopolimeras, susidedantis iš sacharido, D alanino, daugiahidroksilio alkoholio ir fosfato rūgšties liekanų. atitikmenys: angl. teichoic acid rus. тейхоевая кислота …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • Teichoic-acid-transporting ATPase — In enzymology, a teichoic acid transporting ATPase (EC number|3.6.3.40) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:ATP + H2O + teichoic acidin ightleftharpoons ADP + phosphate + teichoic acidoutThe 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, H2O …   Wikipedia

  • teichoic acid — tāˈkōik , tīˈ noun Etymology: teichoic, from Greek teichos wall + English ic (I) more at dough : any of a class of strongly acidic polymers found in the cell walls, capsules, and membranes of all gram positive bacteria and containing residues of… …   Useful english dictionary

  • teichoic acid — Acidic polymers (glycerol or ribitol linked by phosphodiester bridges) found in cell wall of Gram positive bacteria. May constitute 10 50% of wall dry weight and are cross linked to peptidoglycan. Related to lipoteichoic acid …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • teichoic acid — noun Any of several polymers of glycerol or ribitol, linked via phosphodiester bonds, that are found in the cell walls of many bacteria …   Wiktionary

  • wall teichoic acid — any of various teichoic acids that are attached to N acetylmuramic acid residues of the peptidoglycan of gram positive bacteria; they may serve as antigenic determinants for certain bacteria. Cf. lipoteichoic acid …   Medical dictionary

  • teichoic acids — One of two classes (the other being the muramic acid s or mucopeptides) of polymers constituting the cell walls of Gram positive bacteria, but also found intracellularly; linear polymers of a polyol (ribitol phosphate or glycerol phosphate)… …   Medical dictionary

  • lipoteichoic acid — lipo·tei·cho·ic ac·id (lip″o ti koґik) any of various teichoic acids (q.v.) that are covalently linked to glycolipids of the plasma membrane of gram positive bacteria. In certain bacteria, they are major antigenic determinants. Cf. wall… …   Medical dictionary

  • Mycolic acid — Mycolic acids are long fatty acids found in the cell walls of the mycolata taxon, a group of bacteria that includes Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of the disease tuberculosis. They form the major component of the cell wall of… …   Wikipedia

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