Raoult's law

Raoult's law
Ra·oult's law rä-'ülz- n a law in physical chemistry: the fraction by which the vapor pressure of a liquid is lowered when a small amount of a substance that is nonvolatile, not capable of being dissociated, and usu. not a high polymer is dissolved in it is equal to the ratio of the number of moles of the solute to the total number of moles of all components of the solution
Ra·oult rȧ-ü François-Marie (1830-1901)
French chemist. Raoult is known for developing the theory of solutions. He discovered about 1886 that the freezing point of an aqueous solution is lowered in proportion to the amount of nonelectrolyte dissolved. He recognized that the effect of the amount of solute dissolved on the solvent's freezing point was due to a change in the vapor pressure of the solvent brought about by the presence of the solute. This recognition led to the formulation of Raoult's law. The law made possible the determining of molecular weights of dissolved substances.

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the partial pressure of a volatile component of an ideal solution is equal to the mole fraction of that substance in solution times its vapor pressure in the pure state at the temperature of the solution; it is true only for ideal solutions and ideal gases.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Raoult's law — Established by François Marie Raoult, Raoult s law states: the vapor pressure of an ideal solution is dependent on the vapor pressure of each chemical component and the mole fraction of the component present in the solution . [ A to Z of… …   Wikipedia

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  • raoult's law — räˈülz noun Usage: usually capitalized R Etymology: after François M. Raoult died 1901 French chemist : a law in physical chemistry: the fraction by which the vapor pressure of a liquid is lowered when a small amount of a substance that is… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Raoult's law — /rah oohlz /, Physical Chem. the principle that the fraction by which the vapor pressure of a solvent is lowered by the addition of a nonvolatile, nonelectrolytic solute is equal to the mole fraction of the solute in the solution. [1890 95; named …   Universalium

  • Raoult — may indicate:* In physics, Raoult s law on vapor liquid equilibrium. * People: ** François Marie Raoult, after whom Raoult s law is named; ** Éric Raoult, a French politician. * Places: ** Manneville la Raoult, a town in northern France; ** Le… …   Wikipedia

  • Raoult, François-Marie — ▪ French chemist born May 10, 1830, Fournes en Weppes, France died April 1, 1901, Grenoble       French chemist who formulated a law on solutions (called Raoult s law) that made it possible to determine the molecular weights of dissolved… …   Universalium

  • Raoult , Francois-Marie — (1830–1901) French chemist Raoult came from a poor background in Fournes en Weppes, France. He obtained his PhD in 1863 from the University of Paris and was 37 years old when he took up his first academic appointment at the University of Grenoble …   Scientists

  • law — 1. A principle or rule. 2. A statement of fact detailing a sequence or relation of phenomena that is invariable under given conditions. SEE ALSO: principle, rule, theorem. [A.S. lagu] Alexander l. states that a jerky nystagmus becomes worse when… …   Medical dictionary

  • Raoult — François, M., French physicist, 1830–1899. See R. law …   Medical dictionary

  • Henry's law — may sometimes refer to Lenz s Law In chemistry, Henry s law is one of the gas laws, formulated by William Henry. It states that:: At a constant temperature, the amount of a given gas dissolved in a given type and volume of liquid is directly… …   Wikipedia

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