Warburg apparatus

Warburg apparatus
A device used in biochemistry for measuring breathing (respiration) by tissues. Tissue slices are enclosed in a chamber in which the temperature and pressure are monitored, and the amount of gas produced or consumed by the tissue is measured. The Warburg apparatus was invented by the German biochemist Otto Heinrich Warburg (1883-1970), a pioneer in research on the respiration of cells and the metabolism of tumors. Warburg won the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine in 1931.

* * *

War·burg apparatus 'wȯr-.bərg-, 'vär-.bu̇rk- n an analytic apparatus that employs a manometer to determine changes in the amount of gas produced or absorbed by a test sample kept at constant temperature in a flask of constant gas volume and is used esp. in the study of cellular respiration and metabolism and of some enzymatic reactions (as fermentation)
War·burg 'vär-.bu̇rk Otto Heinrich (1883-1970)
German biochemist. Warburg is considered by some the most accomplished biochemist of all time. He received doctorates in both medicine and chemistry. After World War I he began investigating the process by which oxygen is consumed in the cells of living organisms. He introduced the use of manometry as a means of studying the rates at which slices of living tissue take up oxygen. His research led to the identification of the role of the cytochromes. In 1931 Warburg was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for his research on respiratory enzymes. He also investigated photosynthesis and was the first to observe that the growth of malignant cells requires markedly smaller amounts of oxygen than that of normal cells.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • warburg apparatus — noun Usage: usually capitalized W : a complex respirometer consisting of a battery of constant volume manometer flask units with a mechanically agitated constant temperature bath and used especially in the study of cellular respiration and… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Warburg respirometer — n WARBURG APPARATUS …   Medical dictionary

  • WARBURG, OTTO HEINRICH — (1883–1970), German biochemist and Nobel Prize winner; Warburg was born in Freiburg, Baden, the son of the physicist Emil Warburg (1846–1931), and, like his father, was baptized. He worked on radiation physics in the Physikalische Reichanstalt… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • apparatus — 1. A collection of instruments adapted for a special purpose. 2. An instrument made up of several parts. 3. [TA] A group or system of glands, ducts, blood vessel s, muscles, or other anatomic structures involved in the performance of some… …   Medical dictionary

  • Warburg — Otto H., German biochemist and Nobel laureate, 1883–1970. See W. apparatus, W. respiratory enzyme, W. old yellow enzyme, W. theory, W. Lipmann Dickens Horecker shunt, Barcroft W. apparatus, Barcroft W. technique …   Medical dictionary

  • Barcroft — Sir Joseph F., English physiologist, 1872–1947. See B. Warburg apparatus, B. Warburg technique …   Medical dictionary

  • technique — The manner of performance, or the details, of any surgical operation, experiment, or mechanical act. SEE ALSO: method, operation, procedure. SYN: technic. [Fr., fr. G. technikos, relating to techne, art, skill] airbrasive t. a method of grinding …   Medical dictionary

  • John Haven Emerson — John Haven Jack Emerson (February 5, 1906 – February 4, 1997) was an American inventor of biomedical devices, specializing in respiratory equipment. He is perhaps best remembered for his work in improving the iron lung.Early lifeEmerson was born… …   Wikipedia

  • Philosophy (The) of the Italian Renaissance — The philosophy of the Italian Renaissance Jill Kraye TWO CULTURES: SCHOLASTICISM AND HUMANISM IN THE EARLY RENAISSANCE Two movements exerted a profound influence on the philosophy of the Italian Renaissance: scholasticism and humanism, both of… …   History of philosophy

  • ZIONISM — This article is arranged according to the following outline: the word and its meaning forerunners ḤIBBAT ZION ROOTS OF ḤIBBAT ZION background to the emergence of the movement the beginnings of the movement PINSKER S AUTOEMANCIPATION settlement… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”