Pasteur effect

Pasteur effect
Pas·teur effect pas-'tər- n the inhibiting effect of oxygen upon a fermentative process (as one carried on by facultative anaerobic organisms)
Pas·teur pȧs-tœr Louis (1822-1895)
French chemist and bacteriologist. Pasteur made contributions that rank with the greatest in modern science. His achievements include pioneer work in modern stereochemistry that proved that racemic acid is a mixture of two optically different forms of tartaric acid; the investigation of problems encountered in the fermentation of wine and beer; and the demonstration that lactic, alcoholic, and other fermentations are caused by minute organisms. He also disproved the theory of spontaneous generation. He saved the French silk industry by discovering the bacilli that were the cause of two diseases of silkworms and developed the means of preventing the spread of these diseases. He discovered bacteria to be the cause of anthrax and developed in 1881 a method of inoculating animals with attenuated cultures of the bacteria causing fowl cholera. Finally, in 1885 he developed a preventive and curative treatment for rabies.

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the decrease in the rate of glucose utilization (glycolysis) and the suppression of lactate accumulation by tissues or microorganisms in the presence of oxygen. Cf. Crabtree e.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Pasteur effect — The Pasteur effect is an inhibiting effect of oxygen on the fermentation process.DiscoveryThe effect was discovered in 1857 by Louis Pasteur, who showed that aerating yeasted broth causes yeast cell growth to increase, while conversely,… …   Wikipedia

  • pasteur effect — paˈstər noun Usage: usually capitalized P Etymology: after Louis Pasteur died 1895 French chemist and bacteriologist : the inhibiting effect of oxygen upon a fermentative process (as one carried on by facultative anaerobic organisms) * * * the… …   Useful english dictionary

  • Pasteur effect — the inhibiting of fermentation by oxygen. [1930 35; named after L. PASTEUR] * * * …   Universalium

  • Pasteur effect (reaction) — Pas·teur effect (reaction) (pahs toorґ) [L. Pasteur] see under effect …   Medical dictionary

  • Pasteur effect — (pas tur ) The decrease in the rate of sugar catabolism and change to aerobic respiration that occurs when microorganisms are switched from anaerobic to aerobic conditions …   Dictionary of microbiology

  • Pasteur effect — Decrease in the rate of carbohydrate breakdown that occurs in yeast and other cells when switched from anaerobic to aerobic conditions. Results from a relatively slow flux of material through the biochemical pathways of respiration compared with… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • Pasteur, Louis — born Dec. 27, 1822, Dole, France died Sept. 28, 1895, Saint Cloud, near Paris French chemist and microbiologist. Early in his career, after studies at the École Normale Supérieure, he researched the effects of polarized light on chemical… …   Universalium

  • Pasteur-Effekt — Der Pasteur Effekt beschreibt eine stark erhöhte Verstoffwechslung von D Glucose im Zuge der Glykolyse, wenn Sauerstoff nicht mehr zur Verfügung steht.[1][2] Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Hintergrund 2 Bedeutung …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Pasteur — The French chemist and biologist Louis Pasteur (1822 1895) invented pasteurization, developed the germ theory, founded the field of bacteriology and created the first vaccines against anthrax and rabies. Pasteur s impact upon medicine was so… …   Medical dictionary

  • Pasteur , Louis — (1822–1895) French chemist and microbiologist Pasteur, the son of a tanner, was born at Dôle in France and studied chemistry at the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris where he obtained his doctorate for crystallographic studies in 1847. His first… …   Scientists

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