Babinski reflex

An important neurologic test based, believe it or not, upon what the big toe does when the sole of the foot is stimulated. If the big toe goes up, that may mean trouble. The Babinski reflex is obtained by stimulating the external portion (the outside) of the sole. The examiner begins the stimulation back at the heel and goes forward to the base of the toes. There are diverse ways to elicit Babinski response. A useful way that requires no special equipment is with firm pressure from the examiner's thumb. Just stroke the sole firmly with the thumb from back to front along the outside edge. Care must be taken not to overdo it. Too vigorous stimulation may cause withdrawal of the foot or toe, which can be mistaken as a Babinski response. The Babinski reflex is characterized by extension of the great toe and also by fanning of the other toes. Most newborn babies are not neurologically mature and therefore show a Babinski response. Upon stimulation of the sole, they extend the great toe . Many young infants do this, too, and it is perfectly normal. However, in time during infancy the Babinski response vanishes and, under normal circumstances, should never return. A Babinski response in an older child or adult is abnormal. It is a sign of a problem in the central nervous system (CNS), most likely in a part called the pyramidal tract. Asymmetry of the Babinski response — when it is present on one side but not the other — is abnormal. It is a sign not merely of trouble but helps to lateralize that trouble (tell which side of the CNS is involved). The Babinski reflex is known by a number of other names: the plantar response (because the sole is the plantar surface of the foot), the toe or big toe sign or phenomenon, the Babinski phenomenon or sign. (It is wrong to say that the Babinski reflex is positive or negative; it is present or absent). Babinski, despite the Slavic sound of the name, was French: Joseph Francois Felix Babinski (1857-1932). He will never be forgotten in medicine, thanks to the reflex he found.

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Ba·bin·ski reflex bə-.bin-skē- also Ba·bin·ski's reflex -skēz- n a reflex movement in which when the sole is tickled the great toe turns upward instead of downward and which is normal in infancy but indicates damage to the central nervous system (as in the pyramidal tracts) when occurring later in life called also Babinski, Babinski sign, Babinski's sign compare PLANTAR REFLEX

Babinski Joseph-François-Felix (1857-1932)

French neurologist. One of the leading neurologists of his time, Babinski published more than 200 papers, making many important contributions to clinical neurology. In 1896 he made his most famous contribution, his original description of the plantar reflex. He is also known for his critical analysis of cerebellar physiology and symptomatology. He introduced the concept of asynergia and described adiadokokinesis, the inability to perform rapid alternating movements.

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see plantar reflex

J. F. F. Babinski (1857-1932), French neurologist

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dorsiflexion of the big toe on stimulating the sole of the foot; normal in infants but in others a sign of a lesion in the central nervous system, particularly in the pyramidal tract. Called also Babinski phenomenon or sign and toe phenomenon or sign.

Babinski reflex.