Synthesis

Synthesis
Putting together different entities to make a whole which is new and different. In biochemistry, synthesis refers specifically to the process of building compounds from more elementary substances by means of one or more chemical reactions. For example, the adipocyte is a cell that is specialized in the synthesis and storage of fat.
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1. A building up, putting together, composition. 2. In chemistry, the formation of compounds by the union of simpler compounds or elements. 3. Stage in the cell cycle in which DNA is synthesized as a preliminary to cell division. [G. fr. syn, together, + thesis, a placing, arranging]
- s. of continuity healing of the edges of a wound or fracture.
- enzymatic s. s. by enzymes. See biosynthesis.
- Kiliani-Fischer s. a synthetic procedure for the extension of the carbon atom chain of aldoses by treatment with cyanide; hydrolysis of the cyanohydrins followed by reduction of the lactone yields the homologous aldose; with this method, d-glucose and d-mannose can be synthesized from d-arabinose.
- Merrifield s. the s. of peptides and proteins via an automated system on carrier polymers.
- protein s. the process in which individual amino acid s, whether of exogenous or endogenous origin, are connected to each other in peptide linkage in a specific order dictated by the sequence of nucleotides in DNA; this governing sequence is conveyed to the synthesizing apparatus in the ribosomes by mRNA, formed by base-pairing on the DNA template.

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syn·the·sis 'sin(t)-thə-səs n, pl -the·ses -.sēz
1) the composition or combination of parts or elements so as to form a whole
2) the production of a substance by the union of chemical elements, groups, or simpler compounds or by the degradation of a complex compound <protein \synthesis>

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syn·the·sis (sinґthə-sis) [Gr. “a putting together, composition”] 1. the creation of an integrated whole by the combining of simpler parts or entities. 2. the formation of a chemical compound by the union of its elements or from other suitable components. 3. in psychiatry, the integration of the various elements of the personality.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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Synonyms:
(of elements), ,


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  • SYNTHESIS — communis apud Romanos convivantium vestis fuit. Licet enim in conviviis publicis ac solem nibus Toga adhiberetur, cenaeque imprimis Imperatoriae nemo nisi togatus interesse auderet; domi tamen privatis conviviis Togas Cenatoriis murabant, quas et …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Synthesis —   Titre abrégé Synthesis Discipline Chimie organique …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Synthesis — Syn the*sis, n.; pl. {Syntheses}. [L., a mixture, properly, a putting together, Gr. ?, fr. ? to place or put together; sy n with + ? to place. See {Thesis}.] 1. Composition, or the putting of two or more things together, as in compounding… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • synthesis — 1610s, from L. synthesis collection, set, composition (of a medication), from Gk. synthesis composition, from syntithenai put together, combine, from syn together + tithenai put, place, from PIE root *dhe to put, to do (see FACTITIOUS (Cf. factit …   Etymology dictionary

  • Synthesis — Beschreibung Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift Fachgebiet Chemie Sprache Deutsch und Englisch …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Synthesis —    • Synthĕsis,          удобное, изящное верхнее платье, которое надевали вместо тоги, только дома и преимущественно к обеду, см. Vestis, Одежда, 10. Synthesis называли также весь гардероб и вообще гарнитуру всякого рода вещей …   Реальный словарь классических древностей

  • Synthĕsis — (Synthese, v. gr.), 1) Zusammensetzung, Verknüpfung, im Gegensatze zur Analyse (Auflösung, Zergliederung); daher synthetisch was durch Verknüpfung entsteht od. durch das Merkmal der Verknüpfung eines Mannigfaltigen in einer Einheit charakterisirt …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Synthesis — Synthesis, griech., Synthese, Zusammensetzung, Verbindung, Verknüpfung, namentlich im Denkacte die Verknüpfung des Mannigfaltigen zur Einheit im Bewußtsein; synthetische Methode, die der analytischen entgegengesetzte wissenschaftliche Methode,… …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • synthesis — index building (business of assembling), centralization, coalescence, composition (makeup), embodiment, formation, manufacture …   Law dictionary

  • synthesis — meaning ‘a process of bringing together or connecting’, has the plural form syntheses (pronounced seez) …   Modern English usage

  • synthesis — [n] combining; combination amalgam, amalgamation, blend, building a whole, coalescence, composite, compound, constructing, construction, entirety, forming, fusion, integrating, integration, making one, organism, organization, structure,… …   New thesaurus

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