Inversion, pericentric chromosome
- Inversion, pericentric chromosome
- A basic type of chromosome rearrangement in which a segment that includes the centromere (and so is pericentric) has been snipped out of a chromosome, turned through 180 degrees (inverted), and inserted back into its original location in chromosome. The feature that makes it pericentric is that both breaks are on either side of the centromere (the point at which the chromosome attaches to the spindle). Any chromosome inversion can be inherited and have come from one of the parents to a child. Or the inversion can appear for the first time in a child. An inversion can be "balanced", meaning that it has all the genes present in the normal uninverted chromosome. Or an inversion can be "unbalanced", meaning that genes been have deleted (lost) or duplicated. A balanced inversion in a child causes no problems. An unbalanced inversion is abnormal and is often associated with problems such as development delay (and later, mental retardation) and multiple congenital anomalies (birth defects). Inversions can also be acquired in a body cell (a somatic cell) and be a step involving that cell in a precancerous and cancerous process.
Medical dictionary.
2011.
Look at other dictionaries:
Chromosome inversion, pericentric — A basic type of chromosome rearrangement in which a segment that includes the centromere (and so is pericentric) has been snipped out of a chromosome, turned through 180 degrees (inverted), and inserted back into its original location in… … Medical dictionary
Pericentric chromosome inversion — A basic type of chromosome rearrangement in which a segment that includes the centromere (and so is pericentric) has been snipped out of a chromosome, turned through 180 degrees (inverted), and inserted back into its original location in… … Medical dictionary
pericentric inversion — inversion in which the inverted chromosome segment includes the centromere … Medical dictionary
inversion — 1. A turning inward, upside down, or in any direction contrary to the existing one. 2. Conversion of a disaccharide or polysaccharide by hydrolysis into a monosaccharide; specifically, the hydrolysis of sucrose to d glucose and d fructose; so… … Medical dictionary
inversion — n. 1) the turning inwards or inside out of a part or organ: commonly applied to the state of the uterus after childbirth when its upper part is pulled through the cervical canal. 2) a chromosome mutation in which a block of genes within a… … The new mediacal dictionary
pericentric — peri·cen·tric sen trik adj of, relating to, or involving the centromere of a chromosome <pericentric inversion> compare PARACENTRIC … Medical dictionary
pericentric — |perə|sen.trik adjective Etymology: New Latin pericentricus, from peri + Medieval Latin centricus centric : of, relating to, or involving the centromere of a chromosome pericentric inversion compare paracentric … Useful english dictionary
pericentric inversion — A chromosomal rearrangement in which a segment of chromosome, including the centromere, is rotated … Glossary of Biotechnology
Chromosomal inversion — A clay model showing why heterozygous inversion loops are visible in polytene chromosome preparations … Wikipedia
heredity — /heuh red i tee/, n., pl. heredities. Biol. 1. the transmission of genetic characters from parents to offspring: it is dependent upon the segregation and recombination of genes during meiosis and fertilization and results in the genesis of a new… … Universalium
