Hemolysis

Hemolysis
The destruction of red blood cells which leads to the release of hemoglobin from within the red blood cells into the blood plasma. Etymology: The word "hemolysis" is made up of "hemo-", blood + "lysis", the disintegration of cells.
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Alteration, dissolution, or destruction of red blood cells in such a manner that hemoglobin is liberated into the medium in which the cells are suspended, e.g., by specific complement-fixing antibodies, toxins, various chemical agents, tonicity, alteration of temperature. SYN: erythrocytolysis, erythrolysis, hematolysis. [hemo- + G. lysis, destruction]
- α′ h. h. observed in blood agar cultures of occasional strains of pneumococci or streptococci; the zone of h. about the colony is greenish caused by a partial decomposition of hemoglobin.
- β h. complete or “true” h. observed in blood agar cultures of various bacteria, especially hemolytic streptococci and staphylococci; virtually all of the erythrocytes are destroyed in a relatively wide, regularly circumscribed, circular zone about the colony, thereby resulting in a clear “halo” of transparent agar; the zone of h. is frequently much wider than the diameter of the colony; the degree of change varies with species of erythrocytes.
- biologic h. h. caused by materials elaborated by various living organisms.
- conditioned h. SYN: immune h..
- γ h. a term sometimes used to indicate that there is no h. in relation to bacterial colonies in or on blood agar; thus, nonhemolytic organisms may be referred to as producing γ h..
- immune h. h. caused by complement when erythrocytes have been sensitized by specific complement-fixing antibody. SYN: conditioned h..
- phenylhydrazine h. (fen′il-hi′-dra-zin) an in vitro test for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency; hem olysis resulting from in vitro addition of phenylhydrazine to blood with red cells which are deficient in G6PD, with the appearance of Heinz-Ehrlich bodies.
- venom h. that caused by hemolytic material in the venom of various species of snakes or other venomous animals.
- viridans h. α′ h..

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he·mo·ly·sis or chiefly Brit hae·mo·ly·sis hi-'mäl-ə-səs, .hē-mə-'lī-səs n, pl -ly·ses -.sēz lysis of red blood cells with liberation of hemoglobin see ALPHA HEMOLYSIS, BETA HEMOLYSIS
he·mo·lyt·ic or chiefly Brit hae·mo·lyt·ic .hē-mə-'lit-ik adj

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he·mol·y·sis (he-molґə-sis) [hemo- + -lysis] disruption of the integrity of the erythrocyte membrane causing release of hemoglobin; it may be caused by bacterial hemolysins, by antibodies that cause complement-dependent lysis, by placing erythrocytes in a hypotonic solution, or by defects in the cell membrane. Called also erythrocytolysis, erythrolysis, and hematolysis.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Hemolysis — (or haemolysis) from the Greek Hemo , Greek Polytonic|Αἷμα meaning blood, lysis, meaning to break open is the breaking open of red blood cells and the release of hemoglobin into the surrounding fluid (plasma, in vivo ). In vivo hemolysis In vivo… …   Wikipedia

  • hemolysis — n. The lysis of erythrocytes with the release of hemoglobin; the breaking apart of red blood cells in the blood. Syn: haemolysis, hematolysis, haematolysis. [WordNet 1.5] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • hemolysis — hemolysis. См. гемолиз. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • hemolysis — [hē mäl′ə sis, hē΄mō lī′sis] n. [ HEMO + LYSIS] the destruction of red corpuscles with liberation of hemoglobin into the surrounding fluid hemolytic [hē΄mō lit′ik, hem΄əlit′ik] adj …   English World dictionary

  • hemolysis — (he mol ī sis) The disruption of red blood cells and release of their hemoglobin. There are several types of hemolysis when bacteria such as streptococci and staphylococci grow on blood agar. In a hemolysis, a narrow greenish zone of incomplete… …   Dictionary of microbiology

  • hemolysis — hemolytic /hee meuh lit ik, hem euh /, adj. /hi mol euh sis/, n. the breaking down of red blood cells with liberation of hemoglobin. Also called hematolysis. [1885 90; HEMO + LYSIS] * * * ▪ physiology also spelled  Haemolysis,        breakdown or …   Universalium

  • hemolysis — hemolizė statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Eritrocitų irimas ir hemoglobino išsiliejimas. atitikmenys: angl. hemolysis rus. гемолиз …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • Hemolysis (microbiology) — Hemolysis is the breakdown of red blood cells. The ability of bacterial colonies to induce hemolysis when grown on blood agar is used to classify certain microorganisms. This is a particularly useful in classifying streptococcal species. A… …   Wikipedia

  • hemolysis — noun Etymology: New Latin Date: 1890 lysis of red blood cells with liberation of hemoglobin • hemolytic adjective …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • hemolysis — n. [Gr. haima, blood; lyein, to dissolve] The breakdown or destruction of red blood corpuscles …   Dictionary of invertebrate zoology

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