peroxisome

peroxisome
A membrane-bound organelle occurring in many eukaryotic cells that often has an electron-dense crystalline inclusion containing catalase, urate oxidase, and other oxidative enzymes relating to the formation and degradation of H2O2; thought to be important in detoxifying various molecules and in catalyzing the breakdown of fatty acid s to acetyl-CoA; an absence of peroxisomes is found in individuals with Zellweger syndrome. [peroxide + G. soma, body]

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per·ox·i·some pə-'räk-sə-.sōm n a cytoplasmic cell organelle containing enzymes (as catalase) which act esp. in the production and decomposition of hydrogen peroxide called also microbody
per·ox·i·som·al -.räk-sə-'sō-məl adj

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n.
a small structure within a cell that is similar to a lysosome but contains different enzymes, some of which may take part in reactions involving hydrogen peroxide.

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per·ox·i·some (pər-okґsĭ-sōm) a microbody (q.v.), present in all animal cells except erythrocytes and many plant cells, containing over 50 enzymes that participate in a variety of oxidative processes, including reactions involving hydrogen peroxide, purine metabolism, cellular lipid metabolism, and gluconeogenesis. Similar structures (glyoxysomes), containing the enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle, are found in certain plants and microorganisms. Defects in peroxisome biosynthesis cause adrenoleukodystrophy and cerebrohepatorenal (Zellweger) syndrome.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • peroxisome — ☆ peroxisome [pər äk′si sōm΄ ] n. 〚/span> PEROXIDE + SOME3〛 any of a group of organelles in some cells of mammals, the leaves of plants, etc., containing enzymes that produce and then decompose hydrogen peroxide: thought to be involved in… …   Universalium

  • peroxisome — peroxisome. См. пероксисома. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • peroxisome — peroxisome. = microbody (см.). (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • peroxisome — ☆ peroxisome [pər äk′si sōm΄ ] n. [< PEROXIDE + SOME3] any of a group of organelles in some cells of mammals, the leaves of plants, etc., containing enzymes that produce and then decompose hydrogen peroxide: thought to be involved in cellular… …   English World dictionary

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  • Peroxisome-assembly ATPase — In enzymology, a peroxisome assembly ATPase (EC number|3.6.4.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:ATP + H2O ightleftharpoons ADP + phosphateThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and H2O, whereas its two products are ADP… …   Wikipedia

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