Gene duplication

Gene duplication
An extra copy of a gene. Gene duplication is a key mechanism in evolution. Once a gene is duplicated, the identical genes can undergo changes and diverge to create two different genes. A duplication is the opposite of a deletion. Duplications typically arise from an event termed unequal crossing-over (recombination) that occurs between misaligned homologous chromosomes during meiosis (germ cell formation). The chance of this event happening is a function of the degree of sharing of repetitive elements between two chromosomes. The recombination products of such an event are a duplication at the site of the exchange and a reciprocal deletion. A remarkable class of duplications in which the duplicated region has popped up far away from home base has also been discovered.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Duplication Interne — En génétique, la duplication interne est le fait de doubler pendant la méïose un partie d un chromosome. Ce document provient de « Duplication interne ». Catégorie : Génétique …   Wikipédia en Français

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  • Duplication (génétique) — En génétique, la duplication génique correspond à la multiplication de matériel génétique sur un chromosome. Il existe plusieurs mécanismes qui résultent à la duplication soit d´une large portion chromosomique, soit d´un gène ou bien de quelques… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Gene family — A group of genes related in structure and often in function. The genes belonging to a gene family are descended from an ancestral gene. For example, the hemoglobin genes of critical importance to red blood cells belong to one gene family created… …   Medical dictionary

  • Gene sharing — This article is about genes sharing multiple functions in an organism; for gene sharing between organisms, see horizontal gene transfer. Gene sharing is when a single polypeptide sequence, encoded by a single gene, performs multiple distinct… …   Wikipedia

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