lithium

lithium
An element of the alkali metal group, atomic no. 3, atomic wt. 6.941. Many of its salts have clinical applications. [Mod. L. fr. G. lithos, a stone]
- l. bromide LiBr; a white deliquescent powder, used as a sedative and hypnotic.
- l. carbonate an antirheumatic and antilithic agent, also used in the treatment and prophylaxis of depressive, hypomanic, and manic phases of bipolar affective disorders.
- l. citrate a diuretic and antirheumatic, also used in the treatment of manic psychosis.

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lith·i·um 'lith-ē-əm n
1) a soft silver-white element of the alkali metal group that is the lightest metal known and that is used in chemical synthesis and in storage batteries symbol Li see ELEMENT (table)
2) a lithium salt and esp. lithium carbonate used in psychiatric medicine

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n.
a drug given by mouth to prevent episodes of manic-depressive psychosis or to treat mania. Side-effects include tremor, weakness, nausea, thirst, and excessive urination. Thyroid function can be interfered with, and changes in the kidney can appear after long-term lithium treatment. Excessive doses can cause an encephalopathy and even death. The levels of lithium in the blood are therefore usually checked during long-term therapy. Trade names: Camcolit, Liskonum, Priadel.

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lith·i·um (Li) (lithґe-əm) [Gr. lithos stone] a white metal; atomic number 3, atomic weight 6.939; its oxide, lithia, Li2O, is alkaline; its salts are solvents of uric acid to a certain extent in vitro: based on this, it was formerly erroneously thought to be indicated in gout and rheumatic conditions.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • LITHIUM — Le lithium est un métal blanc et brillant lorsqu’il est fraîchement coupé. Il a été découvert, en 1817, par Johann August Arfvedson dans un silicate d’aluminium naturel: le pétalite. Jöns Jacob Berzelius donna au nouvel élément, de numéro… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

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  • lithium — [lith′ē əm] n. [ModL: name coined (1818) by BERZELIUS Baron Jöns Jakob for element discovered (1817) by his student A. Arfwedson (1792 1841), Swed chemist < LITHIA + IUM] 1. a soft, silver white, metallic chemical element, one of the alkali… …   English World dictionary

  • Lithium [1] — Lithium Li, Alkalimetall, Atomgew. 7,03, spez. Gew. 0,59, Schmelzpunkt 186°; kommt in der Natur in wenigen Mineralien (Petalit, Triphen oder Spodumen, [173] Lepidolith u.a.) und spurenweise in Mineralwässern, im Meerwasser und in Pflanzenaschen… …   Lexikon der gesamten Technik

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  • lithium — Symbol: Li Atomic number: 3 Atomic weight: 6.939 Socket silvery metal. First member of group 1 of the periodic table. Lithium salts are used in psychomedicine …   Elements of periodic system

  • lithium — ► NOUN 1) a light, soft, silver white reactive metallic chemical element. 2) a lithium salt used as a mood stabilizing drug. ORIGIN from Greek lithos stone …   English terms dictionary

  • Lithium — Lith i*um (l[i^]th [i^]*[u^]m), n. [NL., from Gr. li qeios of stone, fr. li qos stone.] (Chem.) A metallic element of the alkaline group, occurring in several minerals, as petalite, spodumene, lepidolite, triphylite, etc., and otherwise widely… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Lithium — Lithium, chemisches Zeichen: Li. Atomgewicht: 7,0 (H = 1), 87,5 (O = 100), ein Metall, welches 1817 von Arfvedson entdeckt wurde; es findet sich im oxydirten Zustande vorzüglich im Petalit, Spodumen, Amblygonit, in geringerer Menge im Triphyllin …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

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