hyoscyamine

hyoscyamine
An alkaloid found in hyoscyamus, belladonna, duboisine, and stramonium; the levorotatory component of the racemic mixture, atropine; used as an antispasmodic, analgesic, and sedative; h. hydrobromide is used for the same purposes. SYN: daturine.
- h. sulfate an antispasmodic, hypnotic, and sedative, also used in parkinsonism to relieve tremor, rigidity, and excessive salivation.

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hyo·scy·a·mine .hī-ə-'sī-ə-mēn n a poisonous crystalline alkaloid C17H23NO3 of which atropine is a racemic mixture esp its levorotatory form found esp. in the plants belladonna and henbane and used similarly to atropine

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hyo·scy·amine (hi″o-siґə-mēn) [USP] an anticholinergic and antimuscarinic alkaloid derived from Hyoscyamus niger, Atropa belladonna, and other solanaceous plants. It is the levorotatory component of racemic atropine; since the dextrorotatory component has little activity, hyoscyamine has approximately twice the potency of atropine. It is used primarily as an antispasmodic for gastrointestinal or urinary tract disorders; administered orally.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Hyoscyamine — Systematic (IUPAC) name (8 methyl 8 az …   Wikipedia

  • Hyoscyamine — Structure de l hyoscyamine Général Nom IUPAC 3 hydroxy 2 phénylpropanoate de 8 méthyl 8 azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct 3 yle …   Wikipédia en Français

  • hyoscyamine — ● hyoscyamine nom féminin (bas latin hyosciamus, du grec huoskuamos, fève de porc) Alcaloïde des solanacées, isomère lévogyre de l atropine, plus actif et moins toxique que celle ci. hyoscyamine [josjamin] n. f. ÉTYM. XIXe; lat. hyoscyamus «… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Hyoscyamine — Hy os*cy a*mine, n. [See {Hyoscyamus}.] (Chem.) An alkaloid found in henbane ({Hyoscyamus niger}), and regarded as its active principle. It is also found with other alkaloids in the thorn apple and deadly nightshade. It is extracted as a white… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • hyoscyamine — [hī΄ə sī′ə mēn΄, hī΄ə sī′əmin] n. [< L hyoscyamus, henbane ( < Gr hyoskyamos < hys, pig (see HYENA) + kyamos, bean) + INE3] a colorless, crystalline, very poisonous alkaloid, C17H23NO3, obtained from henbane and other plants of the… …   English World dictionary

  • Hyoscyamine (6S)-dioxygenase — In enzymology, a hyoscyamine (6S) dioxygenase (EC number|1.14.11.11) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:L hyoscyamine + 2 oxoglutarate + O2 ightleftharpoons (6S) hydroxyhyoscyamine + succinate + CO2The 3 substrates of this enzyme… …   Wikipedia

  • hyoscyamine hydrobromide — [USP] a salt of hyoscyamine, having actions and uses similar to those of the base …   Medical dictionary

  • hyoscyamine sulfate — [USP] a salt of hyoscyamine, having actions similar to those of the base, administered orally or parenterally as an antispasmodic in gastrointestinal disorders and orally in the treatment of hypermotility in cystitis or other urinary tract… …   Medical dictionary

  • hyoscyamine — noun Etymology: German Hyoscyamin, from New Latin Hyoscyamus, genus of herbs, from Latin, henbane, from Greek hyoskyamos, literally, swine s bean, from hyos (genitive of hys swine) + kyamos bean more at sow Date: 1858 a poisonous crystalline… …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • hyoscyamine — Anticholinergic from Atropa belladona ; when racemized following isolation is known as atropine …   Dictionary of molecular biology

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