gradient

gradient
- concentration g. SYN: density g..
- density g. a solution in which the concentration (density) of a solute increases in a continuous fashion from top to bottom, or end to end, of a container ( e.g., the centrifuge tube in density-g. centrifugation). SYN: concentration g..
- electrochemical g. a measure of the tendency of an ion to move passively from one point to another, taking into consideration the differences in its concentration and in the electrical potentials between the two points; commonly expressed as the additional voltage needed to achieve equilibrium.
- field g. SYN: magnetic field g..
- magnetic field g. in magnetic resonance imaging, a magnetic field that varies with location, superimposed on the uniform field of the magnet, to alter the resonant frequency of nuclei and allow calculation of their spatial position. SYN: field g..
- mitral g. the diastolic pressure difference between the left atrium and left ventricle.
- systolic g. the difference in pressure during systole between two communicating cardiovascular chambers, e.g., between the left ventricle and aorta in aortic stenosis.
- ventricular g. the algebraic sum of ( i.e., the net electrical difference between) the area enclosed within the QRS complex and that within the T wave in the electrocardiogram.

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gra·di·ent 'grād-ē-ənt n
1) change in the value of a quantity (as temperature, pressure, or concentration) with change in a given variable and esp. per unit on a linear scale
2) a graded difference in physiological activity along an axis (as of the body or an embryonic field)
3) change in response with distance from the stimulus

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gra·di·ent (graґde-ənt) 1. the increase or decrease of one variable expressed as a function of a second. 2. the graphic representation of such a change.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • gradient — [ gradjɑ̃ ] n. m. • 1876; du rad. du lat. gradus « degré », d apr. quotient I ♦ Sc. Taux de variation (d une grandeur physique) en fonction de la distance. 1 ♦ Météor., géogr. Gradient de température : variation de la température en fonction de l …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • gradient — GRADIÉNT, gradienţi, s.m. Mărime care indică variaţia presiunii barometrice sau a temperaturii în anumite condiţii. [pr.: di ent] – Din fr. gradient. Trimis de gall, 13.09.2007. Sursa: DEX 98  gradiént (mat., fiz., miner. ) s. m. (sil. di ent),… …   Dicționar Român

  • Gradient — Gra di*ent, n. 1. The rate of regular or graded ascent or descent in a road; grade. [1913 Webster] 2. A part of a road which slopes upward or downward; a portion of a way not level; a grade. [1913 Webster] 3. The rate of increase or decrease of a …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Gradient — Gra di*ent, a. [L. gradiens, p. pr. of gradi to step, to go. See {Grade}.] 1. Moving by steps; walking; as, gradient automata. Wilkins. [1913 Webster] 2. Rising or descending by regular degrees of inclination; as, the gradient line of a railroad …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Gradient — Gradient, barometrischer, ein von der neueren Meteorologie geschaffenes Maß für die Größe des barometrischen Gefälles, der Aenderungen des gleichzeitig herrschenden Luftdruckes von einem Ort zum andern. Da die Isobaren diejenigen Orte verbinden,… …   Lexikon der gesamten Technik

  • Gradiént — (barometrisches Gefälle), die in Millimetern ausgedrückte Zu oder Abnahme des Luftdrucks, die sich ergibt, wenn man von einem Punkt einer Isobare senkrecht zu dieser horizontal um 111 km (die Länge eines Äquatorgrades) fortschreitet. Dabei müssen …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Gradiént — Gradiént, barometrischer, oder barometrisches Gefälle, die Richtung und der Betrag der räumlichen horizontalen Unterschiede im Barometerstande, ausgedrückt durch die Zahl der Millimeter, um die sich letzterer ändert, wenn man um einen Äquatorgrad …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • gradient — (n.) steep slope of a road or railroad, 1835, principally in Amer.Eng., from GRADE (Cf. grade) (n.) by analogy of QUOTIENT (Cf. quotient), etc. It was used 17c. as an adjective, of animals, characterized by walking; in that case probably from L.… …   Etymology dictionary

  • gradient — [n] slope acclivity, angle, bank, cant, declivity, grade, hill, inclination, incline, lean, leaning, pitch, ramp, rise, slant, tilt; concepts 738,757 …   New thesaurus

  • gradient — ► NOUN 1) a sloping part of a road or railway. 2) the degree of a slope, expressed as change of height divided by distance travelled. 3) Physics a change in the magnitude of a property (e.g. temperature) observed in passing from one point or… …   English terms dictionary

  • gradient — [grā′dē ənt] adj. [L gradiens (gen. gradientis), prp. of gradi, to step: see GRADE] ascending or descending with a uniform slope n. 1. a) a slope, as of a road or railroad b) the degree of such slope 2. Biol. a gradation in rate of growth,… …   English World dictionary

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