Clone

Clone
Literally a fragment, the word in modern medical science has come to mean a replica, for example, of a group of bacteria or a macromolecule such as DNA. Clone also refers to an individual developed from a single somatic (non-germ) cell from a parent, representing an exact replica of that parent. A clone is a group of cells derived from a single ancestral cell.
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1. A colony or group of organisms (or an individual organism), or a colony of cells derived from a single organism or cell by asexual reproduction, all having identical genetic constitutions. 2. To produce such a colony or individual. 3. A short section of DNA that has been copied by means of gene cloning. See cloning. 4. A homogeneous population of DNA molecules. [G. klon, slip, cutting used for propagation]
- cDNA c. a duplex DNA, representing an mRNA, carried in a cloning vector.
- genomic c. a cell with a vector containing a fragment of DNA from a different organism.

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clone 'klōn n
1) the aggregate of the asexually produced progeny of an individual also a group of replicas of all or part of a macromolecule (as DNA or an antibody)
2) an individual grown from a single somatic cell of its parent and genetically identical to it
clon·al 'klōn-əl adj
clon·al·ly -əl-ē adv
clone vb, cloned; clon·ing vt to propagate a clone from <frogs have been successfully cloned by transplanting nuclei from body cells to enucleated eggs> vi to produce a clone

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1. n. a group of cells (usually bacteria) descended from a single cell by asexual reproduction and therefore genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell.
2. n. an organism derived from a single cell of its parent and therefore genetically identical to it. The first cloned animal, born in 1997, was produced by fusing a somatic nucleus of the parent with a denucleated egg cell of a second animal. The resulting 'embryo' was implanted into the uterus of a third animal to complete its development.
3. n. (gene clone) a group of identical genes produced by genetic engineering. The parent gene is isolated using restriction enzyme and inserted, via a cloning vector (e.g. a bacteriophage), into a bacterium, in which it is replicated. See also vector.
4. vb. to form a clone.

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(klōn) [Gr. klōn young shoot or twig] 1. one of a group of genetically identical (barring mutation) cells or organisms derived asexually from a single common ancestor. 2. a DNA population derived from a single molecule by recombinant DNA technology. 3. to establish such a progeny or population. clonal adj

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • clone — [ klon ] n. m. • 1923; angl. clone, gr. klôn « pousse » 1 ♦ Biol. Descendance d un individu par multiplication végétative (bourgeonnement, etc.) ou par parthénogenèse (espèce animale); individu de cette descendance (⇒ monoclonal). « une société… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • clone — v. t. 1. (Biol.) to make a clone from; to make identical copies of an organism by a non sexual process of reproduction. [WordNet 1.5] 2. (Microbiol.) to grow colonies of a microorganism by spreading a suspension of the microorganism onto a solid… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • clone — is derived from Greek klōn ‘twig, slip’, and came into use at the beginning of the 20c as a technical term in botany and biology. In addition to its now generally familiar original use, it has developed into what Fowler would have called a… …   Modern English usage

  • clone — (kl[=o]n), n. 1. (Biol.) a group of organisms derived from a single individual by some kind of asexual reproduction; used mostly of microorganisms such as bacteria and yeast. Syn: clon. [WordNet 1.5] 2. (Biol.) an individual organism containing a …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Clone —   [dt. Klon] der, Hardware oder Software, die nach dem Vorbild eines Originals gebaut bzw. programmiert wird und dieselben Funktionen hat wie das Original. Bei der Hardware galten z. B. in der Frühzeit der PCs die IBM kompatiblen PCs von Firmen… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • clone — s. m. 1.  [Biologia] Indivíduo ou população de indivíduos provenientes da produção vegetativa ou assexuada de um mesmo indivíduo. 2. Conjunto das células resultantes das divisões sucessivas de uma célula única sem nenhuma diferenciação. (O câncer …   Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa

  • clone — [n] exact duplicate act alike, copy, double, duplicate, look alike computer, reproduction, twin; concepts 664,667,716 clone [v] copy exactly copy, duplicate, repeat, replicate, reproduce; concepts 91,171 …   New thesaurus

  • clone — ► NOUN 1) Biology an organism produced asexually from one ancestor to which it is genetically identical. 2) a person or thing regarded as identical with another; a copy or double. ► VERB 1) propagate as a clone. 2) make an identical copy of.… …   English terms dictionary

  • clone — clone. См. клон. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • clone — *variety, subspecies, race, breed, cultivar, strain, stock …   New Dictionary of Synonyms

  • clone — ☆ clone [klōn ] n. [< Gr klōn, a twig < klan, to break: see CLASTIC] 1. Biol. all the descendants derived asexually from a single individual, as by cuttings, bulbs, etc. or by fission, parthenogenesis, etc. 2. an individual produced by… …   English World dictionary

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