cyanide poisoning

cyanide poisoning
poisoning by cyanide compounds, potent rapid-acting substances that cause cellular hypoxia by formation of an inactive complex of cytochrome oxidase and cyanide. Characteristics include nausea without vomiting, dizziness, convulsions, opisthotonos, and death from respiratory paralysis. The usual cause in livestock and other animals is ingestion of plants containing cyanogenetic compounds (see table). In humans it is usually the result of exposure to hydrogen cyanide liquid or gas that is given off by a fungicide, insecticide, or other substance. Cyanide is detoxified by the liver enzyme thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, which catalyzes the reaction of cyanide with thiosulfate to form thiocyanide.


Medical dictionary. 2011.

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