placental membrane

placental membrane
the semipermeable membrane that separates the fetal from the maternal blood in the placenta. In the human (hemochorial) placenta, it is composed of fetal vascular endothelium, connective tissue, cytotrophoblast, and syncytiotrophoblast, and it becomes thinner as pregnancy progresses. Sometimes inappropriately called the placental barrier; there are only a few substances that cannot pass through the membrane.

Placental membrane separating the blood in the fetal capillaries from the maternal blood in the intervillous space. (A), Chorionic villus containing the fetal vessels and surrounded by maternal blood in the intervillous space; (B), cross-section through a villus, showing the layers of the placental membrane separating the fetal blood from the maternal blood surrounding the villus.


Medical dictionary. 2011.

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