arthroplasty

arthroplasty
1. Creation of an artificial joint to correct advanced degenerative arthritis, 2. An operation to restore as far as possible the integrity and functional power of a joint. [arthro- + G. plastos, formed]
- Charnley hip a. a form of total hip replacement consisting of the application of an acetabular cup and a femoral head prosthesis; it bears the name of John Charnley who is regarded as the pioneer in the development of this procedure.
- gap a. the surgical correction of ankylosis by creating a space between the ankylosed part of a joint and the portion for which movement is desired.
- interposition a. surgical correction of ankylosis by separation of the immobile part of a joint from the mobilized part and interposition of a substance ( e.g., fascia, cartilage, metal, or plastic) between them.
- intracapsular temporomandibular joint a. operative recontouring of the articular surface of the mandibular condyle without the removal of the articular disk.
- total joint a. a. in which both joint surfaces are replaced with artificial materials, usually composed of metal and high-density plastic; currently being performed for hip, knee, shoulder, and elbow.

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ar·thro·plas·ty 'är-thrə-.plas-tē n, pl -ties plastic surgery of a joint (as the hip or knee): the operative formation or restoration of a joint

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n.
surgical remodelling of a diseased joint. To prevent the ends of the bones fusing after the operation, a large gap may be created between them (gap or excision arthroplasty), a barrier of artificial material may be inserted (interposition arthroplasty), or one or both bone ends may be replaced by a prosthesis of metal or plastic (replacement arthroplasty). This operation may replace both joint surfaces (total arthroplasty) or only one (see hemiarthroplasty). See also hip replacement.

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ar·thro·plas·ty (ahrґthro-plas″te) [arthro- + -plasty] plastic surgery of a joint or of joints; the formation of movable joints. Called also joint replacement. arthroplastic adj

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Arthroplasty — (literally formation of joint ) is an operative procedure of orthopaedic surgery performed, in which the arthritic or dysfunctional joint surface is replaced with something better or by remodeling or realigning the joint by osteotomy or some… …   Wikipedia

  • arthroplasty — n. surgical refashioning of a diseased joint to relieve pain and to maintain or regain movement. An excision (or resection) arthroplasty involves the excision of enough bone to create a gap at which movement can occur. In an interposition… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • arthroplasty — noun surgical reconstruction or replacement of a malformed or degenerated joint • Hypernyms: ↑operation, ↑surgery, ↑surgical operation, ↑surgical procedure, ↑surgical process • Hyponyms: ↑arthrodesis * * * ˈ ̷ ̷ ̷ ̷ …   Useful english dictionary

  • arthroplasty — /ahr threuh plas tee/, n. the surgical repair of a joint or the fashioning of a movable joint, using the patient s own tissue or an artificial replacement. [1885 90; ARTHRO + PLASTY] * * * …   Universalium

  • arthroplasty — noun The surgical repair of a joint, or creation of an artificial joint, such as a hip replacement …   Wiktionary

  • arthroplasty — ar·thro·plas·ty …   English syllables

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  • total elbow arthroplasty — arthroplasty of both sides of the elbow joint, with humeral and ulnar components …   Medical dictionary

  • total knee arthroplasty (TKA) — arthroplasty of both sides of the knee joint, with tibial, patellar, and femoral components …   Medical dictionary

  • Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty — is a surgical procedure used to relieve arthritis in one of the knee compartments in which the damaged parts of the knee are replaced. UKA surgery may reduce post operative pain and have a shorter recovery period than a total knee… …   Wikipedia

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