Arthrobacter

A genus of strictly aerobic, Gram-positive bacteria (family Corynebacteriaceae) whose cells undergo a change from a coccoid form to a rod shape following transfer to fresh complex growth medium. Although primarily found in soil, species identified as belonging to this genus have been found in the advancing front of lesions of dental caries. The type species is A. globiformis. [G. arthron, joint, + baktron, staff or rod]

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Ar·thro·bac·ter (ahrґthro-bak″tər) [arthro- + -bacter] a genus of bacteria of the family Micrococcaceae, consisting of gram-positive, rod-shaped or coccoid cells that may exhibit branching; organisms are obligately aerobic and chemo-organotrophic. Several species have been isolated from clinical specimens and can cause septicemia in immunocompromised persons.