Langerhans cells

Langerhans cells
a stellate type of dendritic cells derived from precursors in the bone marrow; they appear clear on light microscopy, have dark-staining, indented nuclei with inclusions called Birbeck granules in their cytoplasm, and lack tonofilaments, desmosomes, and melanosomes. They are found principally in the stratum spinosum of the epidermis, but also in other stratified epithelia as well as in the lung, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus. Their surface markers are characteristic of macrophages, and Langerhans cells are antigen-presenting cells involved in contact allergic responses and other cell-mediated immune reactions in the skin.

Langerhans cells identified in a jaw lesion. Immunohistochemical stain for CD1a antigen, specific to Langerhans cells, demonstrates large numbers of brown-staining Langerhans cells.


Medical dictionary. 2011.

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Langerhans cells — Cells of dendritic appearance, strongly MHC Class II positive and weakly phagocytic, found in the basal layers of the epidermis where they serve as accessory cells, responsible for antigen processing and antigen presentation. Having been exposed… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • Langerhans cells granules islets (islands) — Lan·ger·hans cells, granules, islets (islands) (lahngґər hahnz) [Paul Langerhans, German pathologist, 1847–1888] see under cell and islet and see Birbeck granules, under granule …   Medical dictionary

  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis — Classification and external resources Micrograph showing a Langerhans cell histiocytosis with the characteristic reniform Langerhans cells accompanied by abundant eosinophils. H E stain …   Wikipedia

  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis multifocal — Langerhans cell histiocytosis occurring as erosive accumulations of proliferating Langerhans cells, commonly within the medullary cavities of bones, but also affecting the skin, gingiva, lungs, and stomach. It most commonly affects children and… …   Medical dictionary

  • Langerhans cell — Not to be confused with the beta cells making up the islets of Langerhans. Langerhans cells are dendritic cells abundant in epidermis, containing large granules called Birbeck granules. They are normally present in lymph nodes, and can be found… …   Wikipedia

  • Langerhans — *Paul Langerhans (1847] 1888), German pathologistand biologist **Langerhans cells, dendritic cells abundant in epidermis **Islets of Langerhans, the area in which the endocrine cells of the pancreas are grouped *Ryan Langerhans (born 1980),… …   Wikipedia

  • Langerhans — See Islets of Langerhans and Langerhans cells …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis — any of a group of disorders characterized by proliferation of Langerhans cells, affecting children more often than adults. Lesions may be unifocal or multifocal and may involve the bone marrow, endocrine system, or lungs (the last being more… …   Medical dictionary

  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis — LCH. A group of rare disorders in which too many Langerhans cells (a type of white blood cell) grow in certain tissues and organs including the bones, skin, and lungs, and damage them. LCH may also affect the pituitary gland (which makes hormones …   English dictionary of cancer terms

  • Langerhans, islets of — or islands of Langerhans Irregularly shaped patches of endocrine tissue in the pancreas. The normal human pancreas has about one million of them. Beta cells, the most common islet cells, produce insulin to regulate blood glucose. (Inadequate… …   Universalium

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