aminoacyl-tRNA

Generic term for those compounds in which amino acid s are esterfied through their COOH groups to the 3′- (or 2′-) OH's of the terminal adenosine residues of transfer RNA's ( e.g., alanyl-tRNA, glycyl-tRNA); each compound involves one, or a small number, of tRNA's of specific chemical structure. Used in protein biosynthesis.

- aminoacyl-tRNA ligases SYN: aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.

- aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases enzymes catalyzing the formation of a specific aminoacyl-tRNA from an amino acid and adenosine 5′-triphosphate with the concomitant formation of adenosine 5′-monophosphate and pyrophosphate. SYN: amino acid activating enzyme, aminoacyl-tRNA ligases.

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aminoacyl-tRNA n a transfer RNA formed by the enzymatic action of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

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an amino acid residue joined by an ester linkage to the 2′ or 3′ hydroxyl group of the terminal adenosine residue of a transfer RNA (see also translation).