beta-lactam antibiotic

beta-lactam antibiotic
one of a group of drugs that includes the penicillin and the cephalosporin. All have a four-membered beta-lactam ring as part of their molecular structure. Beta-lactam antibiotics function by interfering with the growth of the cell walls of multiplying bacteria. Bacteria become resistant to these antibiotics by producing beta-lactamases, enzymes (such as penicillinase) that disrupt the beta-lactam ring. To counteract this, beta-lactamase inhibitors (e.g. clavulanic acid) may be added to beta-lactam antibiotics. For example, co-amoxiclav (Augmentin) is a mixture of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • beta-lactam antibiotic — Lactam Lac tam, n. [Lactone + amido.] (Chem.) One of a series of anhydrides of an amido type, analogous to the lactones, as oxindol; a cyclic amide. [1913 Webster] {beta lactam} or {[beta] lactam}, (a) a lactam in which the amide bond is… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Beta-lactam antibiotic — β lactam antibiotics are a broad class of antibiotics that include penicillin derivatives, cephalosporins, monobactams, carbapenems, and β lactamase inhibitors, that is, any antibiotic agent that contains a β lactam nucleus in its molecular… …   Wikipedia

  • beta-lactam antibiotic — one of a group of drugs that includes the penicillins and the cephalosporins. All have a four membered beta lactam ring as part of their molecular structure. Beta lactam antibiotics function by interfering with the growth of the cell walls of… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • beta-lactam — Lactam Lac tam, n. [Lactone + amido.] (Chem.) One of a series of anhydrides of an amido type, analogous to the lactones, as oxindol; a cyclic amide. [1913 Webster] {beta lactam} or {[beta] lactam}, (a) a lactam in which the amide bond is… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • beta-lactam — Lactam Lac tam, n. [Lactone + amido.] (Chem.) One of a series of anhydrides of an amido type, analogous to the lactones, as oxindol; a cyclic amide. [1913 Webster] {beta lactam} or {[beta] lactam}, (a) a lactam in which the amide bond is… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Антибиотик Бета-Лактамовый (Beta-Lactam Antibiotic) — представитель группы лекарственных веществ, в состав которых входят производные пенициллина и цефалоспорина. В состав молекул всех представителей этой группы входит четырехмембранное беталактамовое (beta lactam) кольцо. Воздействие бета… …   Медицинские термины

  • Beta-lactam — | | | | | | |A beta lactam ring (β lactam) or penam is a lactam with a heteroatomic ring structure, consisting of three carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom [Heterocyclic chemistry T.L. Gilchrist ISBN 0 582 01421 2 ] . Clinical significanceThe beta …   Wikipedia

  • Beta-lactamase — Beta lactamases are enzymes (EC number|3.5.2.6) produced by some bacteria and are responsible for their resistance to beta lactam antibiotics like penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins, ertapenems and carbapenems. These antibiotics have a… …   Wikipedia

  • Lactam — Lac tam, n. [Lactone + amido.] (Chem.) One of a series of anhydrides of an amido type, analogous to the lactones, as oxindol; a cyclic amide. [1913 Webster] {beta lactam} or {[beta] lactam}, (a) a lactam in which the amide bond is contained… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Beta-lactamase inhibitor — A beta lactamase inhibitor is a drug given in conjunction with a beta lactam antibiotic. Although the inhibitor does not usually have significant antibiotic activity on its own, [cite web |url=http://www.fhsu.edu/nursing/otitis/bl inhibit.html… …   Wikipedia

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