Vibrio

Vibrio
A group of bacteria that includes Vibrio cholerae, the agent of cholera, (a devastating and sometimes lethal disease with profuse watery diarrhea) and Vibrio comma (which is shaped like a comma). Vibrio move about actively . The word “vibrio” in Latin means “to quiver.”
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A genus of motile (occasionally nonmotile), nonsporeforming, aerobic to facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative bacteria (family Spirillaceae) containing short (0.5–3.0 μm), curved or straight rods which occur singly or which are occasionally united into S-shapes or spirals. Motile cells contain a single polar flagellum; in some species, two or more flagella occur in one polar tuft. Some of these organisms are saprophytes in salt and fresh water and in soil; others are parasites or pathogens. The type species is V. cholerae. [L. vibro, to vibrate]
- V. alginolyticus a bacterial species associated with wound and ear infections, and with bacteremia in immunocompromised and in burn patients.
- V. cholerae a bacterial species that produces a soluble exotoxin and is the cause of cholera in humans; it is the type species of the genus V.. SYN: cholera bacillus, comma bacillus.
- V. fetus former name for Campylobacter fetus.
- V. fluvialis a bacterial species similar to strains of Aeromonas, associated with diarrheal disease in humans.
- V. furnissii an aerogenic strain of bacteria, similar to V. fluvialis, associated with diarrheal disease and outbreaks of gastroenteritis.
- V. hollisae a bacterial species that can cause dysentery in humans.
- V. metschnikovii a bacterial species causing acute enteric disease in chickens and other avian species; also isolated from human stool.
- V. mimicus a sucrose-negative bacterial strain, similar to V. cholerae, isolated from human stool in diarrheal disease and from human ear infections.
- V. parahaemolyticus a marine bacterial species that causes gastroenteritis and bloody diarrhea, usually from eating contaminated shellfish.
- V. sputorum former name for Campylobacter sputorum.
- V. vulnificus a species capable of causing gastroenteritis and cutaneous lesions that may result in fatal septicemia, especially in a cirrhotic or immunocompromised patient; usually contracted from contaminated oysters; also a cause of wound infections, especially those associated with handling of shellfish.

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vib·rio 'vib-rē-ō n
1) cap a genus of short rigid motile bacteria of the family Vibrionaceae that are straight or curved rods, have one or sometimes two or three polar flagella enclosed in a sheath, and include various saprophytes and a few pathogens (as V. cholerae, the cause of cholera in humans)
2) any bacterium of the genus Vibrio broadly a curved rod-shaped bacterium

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n.
a genus of Gram-negative motile comma-shaped bacteria widely distributed in soil and water. Most species are saprophytic but some are parasites, including V. cholerae, which causes cholera.

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Vib·rio (vibґre-o) [L. vibrare to move rapidly, vibrate] a genus of mainly aquatic, gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria of the family Vibrionaceae, consisting of straight, curved, or comma-shaped rods that are motile by means of one or more polar flagella. Some species (the cholera vibrios) cause cholera; others (the noncholera vibrios) cause milder forms of diarrhea in humans; and others infect only animals other than humans. The type species is V. choґlerae.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Vibrio — Vibrio …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Vibrio — cholerae Systematik Domäne: Bakterien Abteilung …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Vibrio — alginolyticus Vibrio anguillarum Vibrio carchariae Vibrio cholerae Vibrio damsela Vibrio ordalli Vibrio parahaemolyticus Vibrio salmonicida Vibrio vulnificus Vibrio es un género de bacterias, incluidas en el grupo gamma de las proteobacterias.… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Vibrio —   [v ; zu lateinisch vibrare »schwingen«, »zittern«], Gattung kommaförmig gekrümmter, monotrich polar begeißelter, gramnegativer und fakultativ anaerober Bakterien; Vorkommen in Süß und Salzwasser. Vibrio cholerae, der Erreger der Cholera, bildet …   Universal-Lexikon

  • vibrio — Toda bacteria curvada y móvil, como las pertenecientes al género Vibrio. El cólera y algunas otras formas epidémicas de gastroenteritis están causadas por miembros de este género. Diccionario Mosby Medicina, Enfermería y Ciencias de la Salud,… …   Diccionario médico

  • vibrio — [vib′rē ō΄] n. pl. vibrios [ModL < L vibrare, to shake: see VIBRATE] any of a genus (Vibrio) of short, flagellate, Gram negative bacteria shaped like a comma or the letter S: one species ( V. comma) causes cholera …   English World dictionary

  • Vibrio — Vib ri*o, n.; pl. E. {Vibrios}, L. {Vibriones}. [NL., fr. L. vibrare to vibrate, to move by undulations.] (Biol.) A genus of motile bacteria characterized by short, slightly sinuous filaments and an undulatory motion; also, an individual of this… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Vibrio — См. Вибрионы (Источник: «Словарь терминов микробиологии») …   Словарь микробиологии

  • Vibrio — Vi …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Vibrio — Taxobox color = lightgrey name = Vibrio image width = 240px image caption = Flagellar stain of V. cholerae regnum = Bacteria phylum = Proteobacteria classis = Gamma Proteobacteria ordo = Vibrionales familia = Vibrionaceae genus = Vibrio genus… …   Wikipedia

  • Vibrio —   Vibrio …   Wikipedia Español

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