Smell, inability to

No sense of smell is called anosmia. It can be due to loss of the sense of smell or failure for it to develop. Loss of the sense of smell can be due to a number of things including swelling within the nose that prevents odors from gaining access to the olfactory (smell) area. The swelling may be from a cold or allergy. Head trauma is also a cause of anosmia. Failure of the sense of smell to develop is a key feature of a disorder called Kallmann syndrome (Kallmannn syndrome = anosmia + hypogonadism). Most people with anosmia have normal perception of salty, sweet, sour, and bitter substances but they lack flavor discrimination, which is largely dependent on olfaction (smell). Therefore, they often complain of losing the sense of taste (ageusia). Treatment of any bacterial or allergic cause of rhinitis and sinusitis and removal of nasal polyps usually results in recovery of the sense of smell.