cellulose

cellulose
A linear B1→4 glucan, composed of cellobiose residues, differing in this respect from starch, which is comprised of maltose residues; it forms the basis of vegetable and wood fiber and is the most abundant organic compound; useful in providing bulk in the diet. SYN: cellulin. [L. cellula, cell, + -ose]
- c. acetate a polymer commonly used as a support medium for electrophoresis.
- c. acetate phthalate a reaction product of phthalic anhydride and a partial acetate ester of c.; used as a tablet-coating agent.
- carboxymethyl c. c. in which some of the OH groups are modified to contain —CH2—COOH groups; used in column chromatography. SYN: CM-c..
- O-diethylaminoethyl c. c. to which diethylaminoethyl groups have been attached; used in anion-exchange chromatography. SYN: DEAE-c..
- microcrystalline c. purified, partially depolymerized c., prepared by treating α-c., obtained as a pulp from fibrous plant material, with mineral acids; used as a tablet diluent.
- oxidized c. 1. cellulosic acid in the form of an absorbable gauze; used as a hemostatic in operations where ligation is not feasible (capillary or venous bleeding from small vessels) because cellulosic acid has a pronounced affinity for hemoglobin and produces an artificial clot; 2. a sterile absorbable substance prepared by the oxidation of cotton containing not less than 16% and not more than 22% of carboxyl. SEE ALSO: oxycellulose.
- TEAE-c. c. to which triethylaminoethyl groups have been attached; used in ion-exchange chromatography. SYN: O-(triethylaminoethyl) c..
- O-(triethylaminoethyl) c. SYN: TEAE-c..

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cel·lu·lose 'sel-yə-.lōs, -.lōz n a polysaccharide (C6H10O5)x of glucose units that constitutes the chief part of the cell walls of plants, occurs naturally in such fibrous products as cotton and kapok, and is the raw material of many manufactured goods (as paper, rayon, and cellophane)

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n.
a carbohydrate consisting of linked glucose units. It is an important constituent of plant cell walls. Cellulose cannot be digested by humans and is a component of dietary fibre (roughage).

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cel·lu·lose (selґu-lōs) the most abundant polysaccharide in nature, a rigid, colorless, unbranched, insoluble, long chain polymer, consisting of 3000 to 5000 glucose residues in β-(1,4) linkage and forming the skeleton of most plant structures and of plant cells; it can be enzymatically hydrolyzed to the disaccharide cellobiose, although humans lack the necessary enzyme, cellulase.

Medical dictionary. 2011.

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  • Cellulose — is an organic compound with the formula chem|(C|6|H|10|O|5|)|n, a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to over ten thousand β(1→4) linked D glucose units.cite book author=Crawford, R. L. title=Lignin biodegradation and… …   Wikipedia

  • Cellulose [1] — Cellulose (Pflanzenzellstoff, Zellmembranstoff der Physiologen, Holzfaser, Rohfaser der Chemiker) ist der Hauptbestandteil der pflanzlichen Zellwand – also gewissermaßen der Baustoff für das Gerüste der Pflanzen; außerdem läßt sich noch eine …   Lexikon der gesamten Technik

  • Cellulose — Cellulose …   Wikipédia en Français

  • cellulose — [ selyloz ] n. f. • 1839; de cellule et 1. ose ♦ Substance principale des parois cellulaires et des fibres de tous les tissus végétaux, polymère du glucose (C6H10O5) n, utilisée dans la fabrication du papier, des textiles et d explosifs. Produits …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Cellulose [2] — Cellulose. Die zahlreichen Verbindungen der Cellulose mit Alkalien, Metalloxyden, Mineralsäuren und mit organischen Körpern sind von C. Piest [1] übersichtlich zusammengestellt worden. Aus dem Verhalten der Cellulose zur Salpetersäure läßt sich… …   Lexikon der gesamten Technik

  • Cellulose — Cel lu*lose , n. (Chem.) The substance which constitutes the essential part of the solid framework of plants, of ordinary wood, cotton, linen, paper, etc. It is also found to a slight extent in certain animals, as the tunicates. It is a… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Cellulose — Cellulose, pflanzlicher Zellstoff, Holzfaser, heißt derjenige Stoff, welcher das Gewebe der Pflanzen, das allgemeine Material für die pflanzlichen Elementarorgane, die Pflanzenzellen, bildet. In neuester Zeit hat man jedoch auch in dem Mantel der …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • cellulose — 1835, coined by French chemist Anselme Payen (1795 1871) from noun use of adj. cellulose consisting of cells, coined 18c. from L. cellula (see CELLULOID (Cf. celluloid)) + ose a French suffix forming nouns that was soon thereafter, via this usage …   Etymology dictionary

  • cellulose — ► NOUN 1) an insoluble substance derived from glucose, forming the main constituent of plant cell walls and of vegetable fibres such as cotton. 2) paint or lacquer consisting principally of cellulose acetate or nitrate in solution. DERIVATIVES… …   English terms dictionary

  • Cellulose — Cel lu*lose (s[e^]l [ u]*l[=o]s ), a. Consisting of, or containing, cells. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • cellulose — cellulose. См. клетчатка. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

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