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121patristic literature — Body of literature that comprises those works (excluding the New Testament) written by Christians before the 8th century. It refers to the works of the Church Fathers. Most patristic literature is in Greek or Latin, but much survives in Syriac… …
122rug and carpet — Any decorative textile normally made of a thick material and intended as a floor covering. Floor coverings made of plaited rushes date from the 5th or 4th millennium BC. Carpets were first made in central and western Asia as coverings for earthen …
123Developments in the States — ▪ 2002 Introduction After close to a decade of uninterrupted sunny economic times, states were plunged into multiple new problem areas at the end of 2001. Most states started modest belt tightening early in the year as the slackening… …
124Arabia, history of — Introduction history of the region from prehistoric times to the present. Some time after the rise of Islam in the first quarter of the 7th century AD and the emergence of the Arabian (Arab) Muslims as the founders of one of the great …
125biblical literature — Introduction four bodies of written works: the Old Testament writings according to the Hebrew canon; intertestamental works, including the Old Testament Apocrypha; the New Testament writings; and the New Testament Apocrypha. The Old… …
126Steppe, the — ▪ geographical area, Eurasia Introduction belt of grassland that extends some 5,000 miles (8,000 kilometres) from Hungary in the west through Ukraine and Central Asia to Manchuria in the east. Mountain ranges interrupt the steppe, dividing it… …
127Hospitals — • Originally, hospital meant a place where strangers or visitors were received; in the course of time, its use was restricted to institutions for the care of the sick Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Hospitals Hospitals …
128Nicholas Cardinal Wiseman — Nicholas Patrick Wiseman † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Nicholas Patrick Wiseman Cardinal, first Archbishop of Westminster; b. at Seville, 2 Aug., 1802; d. in London, 15 Feb., 1865, younger son of James Wiseman, a merchant of Irish family… …
