fallacy
71Base rate fallacy — The base rate fallacy, also called base rate neglect or base rate bias, is an error that occurs when the conditional probability of some hypothesis H given some evidence E is assessed without taking into account the base rate or prior probability …
72Masked man fallacy — The masked man fallacy is a fallacy of formal logic in which substitution of identical designators[clarification needed] in a true statement can lead to a false one. One form of the fallacy may be summarized as follows: Premise 1: I know who X is …
73Moralistic fallacy — The moralistic fallacy is in essence the reverse of the naturalistic fallacy. Naturalistic fallacy presumes that what is or what occurs forms what ought to be. Thus the observed natural is reasoned a priori as moral.[1] Moralistic fallacy implies …
74Genetic fallacy — The genetic fallacy is a fallacy of irrelevance where a conclusion is suggested based solely on something or someone s origin rather than its current meaning or context. This overlooks any difference to be found in the present situation,… …
75Ecological fallacy — The ecological fallacy is a widely recognized error in the interpretation of statistical data in an ecological study, whereby inferences about the nature of individuals are based solely upon aggregate statistics collected for the group to which… …
76Affective fallacy — is a term from literary criticism used to refer to the supposed error of judging or evaluating a text on the basis of its emotional effects on a reader. The term was coined by W.K. Wimsatt and Monroe Beardsley as a principle of New Criticism. The …
77Intentional fallacy — Intentional fallacy, in literary criticism, addresses the assumption that the meaning intended by the author of a literary work is of primary importance. By characterizing this assumption as a fallacy, a critic suggests that the author s… …
78Argument from fallacy — The argument from fallacy, also known as argumentum ad logicam or fallacy fallacy, is a logical fallacy which assumes that if an argument is fallacious, its conclusion must be false. It has the general argument form::If P, then Q.:P is a… …
79Texas sharpshooter fallacy — The Texas sharpshooter fallacy is a logical fallacy in which information that has no relationship is interpreted or manipulated until it appears to have meaning. The name comes from a story about a Texan who fires several shots at the side of a… …
80Psychologist's fallacy — The psychologist s fallacy is a fallacy that occurs when an observer presupposes the objectivity of his own perspective when analyzing a behavioral event. The fallacy was named by William James in the 19th century. It is a specific form of the… …
