fallacy
31Fallacy of prescience — See the term similar in meaning to prescience , precognition. A term used by Smith, DeShaye and Stoicheff to describe an erroneous exploratory research technique in which the experimental scaffolding embeds assumptions about what will be… …
32fallacy, formal and informal — In philosophy, reasoning that fails to establish its conclusion because of deficiencies in form or wording. Formal fallacies are types of deductive argument that instantiate an invalid inference pattern (see deduction; validity); an example is… …
33Fallacy of exclusive premises — The fallacy of exclusive premises is a formal fallacy committed in a categorical syllogism that is invalid because both of its premises are negative. Example: : No mammals are fish. : Some fish are not whales. : Therefore, some whales are not… …
34fallacy of division — a fallacy in which a term taken collectively is used as if taken distributively * * * fallacy of division (logic) The fallacy of assuming that the part or individual partakes of the characteristic of the whole or group • • • Main Entry: ↑division …
35fallacy of composition — The (mistaken) assumption that, if an action is in the collective interest of a group , and if members of that group are rational , then the group must be (in the same sense) collectively rational and will therefore act in its interest, just as… …
36fallacy of accident — the fallacy that consists in arguing from some accidental character as if it were essential or necessary (as in the food you buy you eat; you buy raw meat; therefore you eat raw meat) …
37fallacy of composition — the fallacy of arguing from premises in which a term is used distributively to a conclusion in which it is used collectively or of assuming that what is true of each member of a class or part of a whole will be true of all together (as in if my… …
38fallacy of the antecedent — the logical fallacy of denying the antecedent : denial of the antecedent …
39fallacy of the consequent — the logical fallacy of affirming the consequent : affirmation of the consequent …
40fallacy — noun (plural cies) Etymology: Latin fallacia, from fallac , fallax deceitful, from fallere to deceive Date: 14th century 1. a. obsolete guile, trickery b. deceptive appearance ; deception 2 …
