fallacy
21fallacy — /ˈfæləsi / (say faluhsee) noun (plural fallacies) 1. a deceptive, misleading, or false notion, belief, etc.: a popular fallacy. 2. a misleading or unsound argument. 3. deceptive, misleading, or false nature. 4. Logic any of various types of… …
22Fallacy of composition — The fallacy of composition arises when one infers that something is true of the whole from the fact that it is true of some part of the whole (or even of every proper part). For example: This fragment of metal cannot be broken with a hammer,… …
23Fallacy of division — A fallacy of division occurs when one reasons logically that something true of a thing must also be true of all or some of its parts. An example: A Boeing 747 can fly unaided across the ocean. A Boeing 747 has jet engines. Therefore, one of its… …
24Fallacy of quoting out of context — The practice of quoting out of context, sometimes referred to as contextomy or quote mining , is a logical fallacy and a type of false attribution in which a passage is removed from its surrounding matter in such a way as to distort its intended… …
25Fallacy of the single cause — The fallacy of the single cause, also known as causal oversimplification, is a fallacy of questionable cause that occurs when it is assumed that there is a single, simple cause of an outcome when in reality it may have been caused by a number of… …
26Fallacy of four terms — The fallacy of four terms (Latin: quaternio terminorum ) is the logical fallacy that occurs when a categorical syllogism has four terms.Valid categorical syllogisms always have three terms::Major premise: All fish have fins.:Minor premise: All… …
27Fallacy of distribution — A fallacy of distribution is a logical fallacy occurring when an argument assumes there is no difference between a term in the distributive (referring to every member of a class) and collective (referring to the class itself as a whole)… …
28Fallacy of the undistributed middle — The fallacy of the undistributed middle is a logical fallacy that is committed when the middle term in a categorical syllogism isn t distributed. It is thus a syllogistic fallacy. Pattern The fallacy of the undistributed middle takes the… …
29Fallacy of misplaced concreteness — In the philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead, one commits the fallacy of misplaced concreteness when one mistakes an abstract belief, opinion or concept about the way things are for a physical or concrete reality.Whitehead proposed the fallacy in… …
30Fallacy of necessity — A fallacy of necessity is a fallacy in the logic of a syllogism whereby a degree of unwarranted necessity is placed in the conclusion.Example::a) Bachelors are necessarily unmarried. :b) John is a bachelor. :Therefore, c) John cannot marry. The… …
